Disentangling lousy relationships: Comparative phylogenomics of two sucking louse lineages parasitizing chipmunks
Disentangling lousy relationships: Comparative phylogenomics of two sucking louse lineages parasitizing chipmunks
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106998
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Cook, Joseph A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bell, Kayce C.;Allen, Julie M.;Cook, Joseph A.
专性寄生虫的进化通常根据其宿主的进化历史来解释。一种扩展的方法是检查寄生在特定寄主谱系相似环境中的多种寄生虫谱系的历史。北美西部花栗鼠（属Tamias）分布广泛，具有基因流分化的历史，并宿主两种吸吮虱（Anoplura）， hopplopleura arboricola和Neohaematopinus pacific。从总基因组测序中，我们获得了这些虱子基因组中超过1100个位点的序列，以比较它们的进化历史，并研究宿主关联在构建虱子关系中的作用。在每一种虱子物种中，进化枝在很大程度上与密切相关的花栗鼠宿主物种有关。这种模式的例外似乎有生物地理成分，但在两种虱子之间有所不同。在这两个物种中，这些主要虱子分支的系统发育关系与花栗鼠的关系不一致。在宿主关联的背景下，每个虱子谱系都有不同的进化历史，这支持了宿主-寄生虫组合在整个景观和所调查的分类群中都不同的假设。此外，寄生在东部纹状体上的蚤（Hoplopleura erratica）被嵌在树蜱体内，使其成为副寄生虫。这一系统发育的结果，连同类似的分歧在H. arboricola，表明需要分类修订。寄生在同一寄主上的两种独立进化谱系的独特多样化模式表明，寄主分化和生物地理成分都影响了寄生虫的多样化。
The evolution of obligate parasites is often interpreted in light of their hosts' evolutionary history. An expanded approach is to examine the histories of multiple lineages of parasites that inhabit similar environments on a particular host lineage. Western North American chipmunks (genus Tamias) have a broad distribution, a history of divergence with gene flow, and host two species of sucking lice (Anoplura), Hoplopleura arboricola and Neohaematopinus pacificus. From total genomic sequencing, we obtained sequences of over 1100 loci sampled across the genomes of these lice to compare their evolutionary histories and examine the roles of host association in structuring louse relationships. Within each louse species, clades are largely associated with closely related chipmunk host species. Exceptions to this pattern appear to have a biogeographic component, but differ between the two louse species. Phylogenetic relationships among these major louse clades, in both species, are not congruent with chipmunk relationships. In the context of host associations, each louse lineage has a different evolutionary history, supporting the hypothesis that host-parasite assemblages vary both across the landscape and with the taxa under investigation. In addition, the louse Hoplopleura erratica (parasitizing the eastern Tamias striatus) is embedded within H. arboricola, rendering it paraphyletic. This phylogenetic result, together with comparable divergences within H. arboricola, indicate a need for taxonomic revision. Both host divergence and biogeographic components shape parasite diversification as demonstrated by the distinctive diversification patterns of these two independently evolving lineages that parasitize the same hosts.