Call to Action: Structural Racism as a Fundamental Driver of Health Disparities: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association
Call to Action: Structural Racism as a Fundamental Driver of Health Disparities: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association
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DOI：
10.1161/cir.0000000000000936
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发表时间：
2020-12-15
期刊：
影响因子：
37.8
通讯作者：
Williams, Olajide
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Churchwell, Keith;Elkind, Mitchell S. V.;Williams, Olajide
结构性种族主义一直是并仍然是美国持续存在健康差距的根本原因。2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行以及警察杀害乔治弗洛伊德、布雷娜·泰勒和其他多人的事件提醒人们，结构性种族主义仍然存在，限制了美国黑人和其他历史上被剥夺权利的群体获得长期健康生活的机会。美国心脏协会此前曾发表声明，解决心血管和脑血管风险以及美国种族和族裔群体之间的差异，但这些声明没有充分认识到结构性种族主义是健康状况不佳和心血管疾病差异的根本原因。这份总统咨询报告回顾了历史背景、现状和解决我国结构性种族主义问题的潜在解决方案。我们的审查提出了几项原则：种族主义持续存在;种族主义是有经验的;消除种族主义的任务必须属于全社会。这不能仅靠受影响的个人来完成。前进的道路要求我们致力于改变历史上被边缘化的社区的状况，改善这些人口的住房质量和社区环境，倡导消除经济机会，优质教育和医疗保健方面不平等的政策，并加强种族和民族群体之间的联盟关系。今后必须加快对种族主义的研究，并应调查种族主义多个领域（结构、人际、文化、反黑人）的共同影响。美国心脏协会必须从内部着手，纠正自身的缺点，推进有关科学、公共和专业教育以及宣传的反种族主义政策和做法。通过这一建议，美国心脏协会宣布其明确支持反种族主义原则。
Structural racism has been and remains a fundamental cause of persistent health disparities in the United States. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the police killings of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, and multiple others have been reminders that structural racism persists and restricts the opportunities for long, healthy lives of Black Americans and other historically disenfranchised groups. The American Heart Association has previously published statements addressing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk and disparities among racial and ethnic groups in the United States, but these statements have not adequately recognized structural racism as a fundamental cause of poor health and disparities in cardiovascular disease. This presidential advisory reviews the historical context, current state, and potential solutions to address structural racism in our country. Several principles emerge from our review: racism persists; racism is experienced; and the task of dismantling racism must belong to all of society. It cannot be accomplished by affected individuals alone. The path forward requires our commitment to transforming the conditions of historically marginalized communities, improving the quality of housing and neighborhood environments of these populations, advocating for policies that eliminate inequities in access to economic opportunities, quality education, and health care, and enhancing allyship among racial and ethnic groups. Future research on racism must be accelerated and should investigate the joint effects of multiple domains of racism (structural, interpersonal, cultural, anti-Black). The American Heart Association must look internally to correct its own shortcomings and advance antiracist policies and practices regarding science, public and professional education, and advocacy. With this advisory, the American Heart Association declares its unequivocal support of antiracist principles.