Changing surface ocean circulation caused the local demise of echinoid Scaphechinus mirabilis in Taiwan during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition.
Changing surface ocean circulation caused the local demise of echinoid Scaphechinus mirabilis in Taiwan during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-022-11920-3
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发表时间：
2022-05-17
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Lin, Jih-Pai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ho, Sze Ling;Wang, Jia-Kang;Lin, Yu-Jou;Lin, Ching-Ren;Lee, Chen-Wei;Hsu, Chia-Hsin;Chang, Lo-Yu;Wu, To-Hsiang;Tseng, Chien-Chia;Wu, Hsiao-Jou;John, Cedric M.;Oji, Tatsuo;Liu, Tsung-Kwei;Chen, Wen-Shan;Li, Peter;Fang, Jiann-Neng;Lin, Jih-Pai
摘要在台湾苗栗县头科山组（更新世）发现了丰富的奇异斑舟化石标本，主要分布在温带水域。导致其灭绝（局部灭绝）的环境变化迄今为止一直难以捉摸。在此，我们通过分析从头科山组收集的保存完好的棘类化石的团块同位素和稳定氧同位素，重建了台湾西北部过去的环境和海洋条件。放射性碳测年表明这些样品来自海洋同位素阶段3 （MIS 3）。基于团块同位素的古温度估计表明，棘足类化石生活在平均9至14°C的海洋条件下，与日本Mutsu湾现代样本的估计相当。值得注意的是，这个温度范围比今天台湾西北部的温度低~ 10°C。~ 30ka （MIS 3）期间的气温较现代显著降低，除了末次冰期较低的大气CO2水平所导致的降温外，还可能是由于海平面比今天低~ 60m时台湾西北海面洋流改道所致。奇迹，在保存完好的化石层中产生了成千上万的化石标本。可能的灭绝驱动因素是更新世-全新世过渡期间，浅海从温带气候到温暖得多的气候条件的剧烈变化。
Abundant fossil specimens of Scaphechinus mirabilis, now occurring mostly in temperate waters, have been found in the Toukoshan Formation (Pleistocene) in Miaoli County, Taiwan. Environmental changes leading to its extirpation (local extinction) have thus far been elusive. Here, we reconstruct past environmental and oceanic conditions off northwest Taiwan by analyzing clumped isotopes, as well as stable oxygen isotopes, of well-preserved fossil echinoid tests collected from the Toukoshan Formation. Radiocarbon dates suggest that these samples are from Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3). Paleotemperature estimates based on clumped isotopes indicate that fossil echinoids were living in oceanic conditions that range from 9 to 14 °C on average, comparable with the estimate derived for a modern sample from Mutsu Bay, Japan. Notably, this temperature range is ~ 10 °C colder than today’s conditions off northwest Taiwan. The substantially lower temperatures during ~ 30 ka (MIS 3) compared to the modern conditions might be due to the rerouting of surface currents off northwest Taiwan when the sea level was ~ 60 m lower than today, in addition to the cooling caused by a lower atmospheric CO2 level during the Last Glacial Period. Colder waters brought here by the China Coastal Current (CCC) and the existence of shallow subtidal zones termed “Miaoli Bay” (mainly located in the present-day Miaoli county) during MIS 3 plausibly sustained generations of S. mirabilis, yielding tens of thousands of fossil specimens in the well-preserved fossil beds. The likely extirpation driver is the drastic change from a temperate climate to much warmer conditions in the shallow sea during the Pleistocene–Holocene transition.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Anderson, N. T.;Kelson, J. R.;Bergmann, K. D.
通讯作者：
Bergmann, K. D.
影响因子：
0.6
作者：
Kashenko, S. D.
通讯作者：
Kashenko, S. D.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
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通讯作者：
Schmidt, Gavin A.
影响因子：
2
作者：
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通讯作者：
Rutz, Tanja
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Chen, Wen-Shan;Yeh, Jia-Jhih;Syu, Shih-Jie
通讯作者：
Syu, Shih-Jie