The epidemiology of dog bite injuries in Switzerland -: characteristics of victims, biting dogs and circumstances
The epidemiology of dog bite injuries in Switzerland -: characteristics of victims, biting dogs and circumstances
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DOI：
10.2752/089279304785643212
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Steiger, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Horisberger, U;Stärk, KDC;Steiger, A
狗是人类多种健康危害的潜在来源。最近公众的注意力集中在狗咬伤问题上，并提出了不同的预防策略。由于有关狗咬伤流行病学的数据很少，因此在瑞士的家庭诊所（FP）和急诊室（ED）进行了一项前瞻性研究。本研究的目的是估计接受治疗的狗咬伤发生率并确定可能的危险因素。据估计，每年被狗咬伤的人数为 180110000 人。儿童、年轻人和狗主人的发病率最高。虽然头部和颈部损伤在儿童中最常见（占 FP 病例的 37%，占 ED 病例的 45%），并且往往会产生更严重的后遗症，但成人的损伤最常见于四肢。事件发生前，受害者与狗的互动经常发生在儿童中，特别是婴儿（0-4 岁病例中的 82%）和家庭狗咬伤事件中（88%）。咬人的狗最常见的是中型或大型体型、雄性、年龄<5岁。三种最受欢迎的品种（牧羊犬、猎犬和瑞士山地品种）也是三种最常见的咬伤者。然而，牧羊犬和罗威纳犬在咬人的狗中更为常见。纯种狗和杂交狗之间的咬伤风险没有差异。这项研究的结果表明，狗咬伤是社区中的常见事件。建议采取多因素方法来预防狗咬伤。 (c) 2004 年国际人类动物学会。
Dogs are a potential source of several health hazards for humans. Public attention has recently focussed on dog bites, and different prevention strategies have been suggested. As few data on dog bite epidemiology are available, a prospective study was conducted in family practices (FP) and emergency departments (ED) in Switzerland. The objectives of this study were to estimate the incidence of dog bites receiving medical treatment and to identify possible risk factors. An annual dog bite incidence rate of 1801100 000 population was estimated. The highest incidence rates were found in children, young adults and dog owners. While head and neck injuries were most common (37% of FP and 45% of ED cases) amongst children and these tended to have more severe sequelae, adults' injuries most commonly involved the extremities. Victim-dog interactions prior to the incident often were observed in children, particularly in infants (82% of 0-4-year-old cases) and in family dog bites (88%). Biting dogs were most commonly medium or large in size, male, and aged < 5 years. The three most popular breeds (Shepherd, Retriever Dogs and Swiss Mountain Breeds) also were the three most common biters. However, Shepherd dogs and Rottweilers were more common among biting dogs. No difference in bite risk was found between pure-bred and cross-bred dogs. Results of this study suggest that dog bites are a common event in the community. A multifactorial approach to dog bite prevention is recommended. (c) 2004 International Society for Anthrozoology.