Child’s Perception of Robot’s Emotions: Effects of Platform, Context and Experience
Child’s Perception of Robot’s Emotions: Effects of Platform, Context and Experience
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儿童对机器人情绪的感知：平台、情境和体验的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Mark Antonius Neerincx
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Cohen;R. Looije;Mark Antonius Neerincx
社交机器人可以安慰和支持那些不得不科普糖尿病等慢性疾病的儿童。在社会交往中，能够表达可识别的情感是很重要的。研究表明，具有人形面部特征的iCat机器人具有这种能力。在本文中，我们看看Nao机器人，没有人形面部特征，但有身体和彩色眼睛，也能够表达可识别的情感。我们比较了Nao和iCat之间的情感识别率。首先，创造并评估了Nao五种基本情绪（愤怒，恐惧，快乐，悲伤，惊讶）的一组身体表情。通过信号检测任务，为每种情绪选择最佳可识别的身体表达作为最终集合。然后，14名8至9岁的儿童与Nao和iCat互动，以识别背景下的情绪，在讲故事的过程中，以及没有背景。一周后重复这些互动以研究学习效果。对于这两个机器人来说，表情的识别率相对较高（准确率在68%到99%之间）。只有对于悲伤的情绪状态，iCat（95%）的识别率显著高于Nao（68%）。在上下文内显示的情绪比没有上下文的识别率更高，在第二次交互期间，两个机器人的情绪识别也显着高于第一次会议期间。总结：我们成功地为机器人平台Nao设计了一套公认的动态情感表达，没有面部特征。这些表情放在一个语境中，一周后再展示，就能更好地被识别出来。这一套提供了社交机器人与儿童对话的有用成分。
Social robots may comfort and support children who have to cope with chronic diseases like diabetes. In social interactions, it is important to be able to express recognizable emotions. Studies show that the iCat robot, with its humanoid facial features, has this capability. In this paper we look if a Nao robot, without humanoid facial features, but with a body and colored eyes is also able to express recognizable emotions. We compare the recognition rates of the emotions between the Nao and the iCat. First a set of bodily expressions of the Nao for five basic emotions (angry, fear, happy, sad, surprise) was created and evaluated. With a signal detection task, the best recognizable bodily expression for each emotion was chosen for the final set. Then, fourteen children between 8 and 9 years old interacted both with the Nao and iCat to recognize the emotions within context, in a story-telling session, and without context. These interactions were repeated one week later to study the learning effect. For both robots, recognition rates for the expressions were relatively high (between 68 and 99 % accuracy). Only for the emotional state of sadness, the recognition was significantly higher for the iCat (95 %) than for the Nao (68 %). The emotions shown within context had higher recognition rates than those without context and during the second interaction the emotion recognition was also significantly higher than during the first session for both robots. To conclude: we succeeded to design a set of well-recognized dynamic emotional expressions for a robot platform, the Nao, without facial features. These expressions were better recognized when placed in a context, and when shown a week later. This set provides useful ingredients of social robot dialogs with children.