Rankings and reactivity: How public measures recreate social worlds
Rankings and reactivity: How public measures recreate social worlds
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DOI：
10.1086/517897
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Sauder, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Espeland, Wendy Nelson;Sauder, Michael
最近，针对问责制和透明度的要求采取了大量措施。以法学院的媒体排名为例，本文认为，反应的方法论概念，即人们改变他们的行为反应被评估，观察或测量的想法，提供了一个有用的透镜，揭示这些措施如何影响变化。提出了一个框架，用于调查公共措施的预期和非预期后果。文章首先确定了两种机制，自我实现的预言和自我实现，诱导反应，然后区分反应产生的影响模式。这种方法展示了这些日益重要的公共措施如何改变期望并渗透到机构中，这表明为什么学者们更系统地研究这些措施的影响很重要。
Recently, there has been a proliferation of measures responding to demands for accountability and transparency. Using the example of media rankings of law schools, this article argues that the methodological concept of reactivity-the idea that people change their behavior in reaction to being evaluated, observed, or measured-offers a useful lens for disclosing how these measures effect change. A framework is proposed for investigating the consequences, both intended and unintended, of public measures. The article first identifies two mechanisms, self-fulfilling prophecy and commensuration, that induce reactivity and then distinguishes patterns of effects produced by reactivity. This approach demonstrates how these increasingly fateful public measures change expectations and permeate institutions, suggesting why it is important for scholars to investigate the impact of these measures more systematically.