Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and H2 Evolution Study of a Spheroid-Shape Hydride-Rich Copper Nanocluster

Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and H2 Evolution Study of a Spheroid-Shape Hydride-Rich Copper Nanocluster
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DOI:
10.1002/slct.201800765
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发表时间:
2018-04-09
期刊:
影响因子:
2.1
通讯作者:
Liu, C. W.
Liu, C. W.
中科院分区:
化学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dhayal, Rajendra S.;Chen, Hsuan-Ping;Liu, C. W.

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本研究报告了新的双-2-丁基二硫代磷酸盐稳定的聚亚铜纳米团簇[Cu-32(H)(20){S2 P((OBu)-Bu-2)(2)}(12)],1(H)和[Cu 20 H11 {S2 P((OBu)-Bu-2)(2)}(9)],2(H)。簇合物1(H)和2(H)已经通过多种技术表征,包括多核NMR(H-1,H-2,P-31),电喷雾电离质谱(ESI-MS)和低温X射线晶体学。氢化物配体的存在得到氘化物类似物[Cu-32(D)(20){S2 P((OBu)-Bu-2)(2))(12)],1(D)和[Cu 20 D11 {S2 P((OBu)-Bu-2)(2)}(9)],2(D)的(HNMR)-H-2谱的支持。1(H)的金属骨架显示,十四个铜原子的六帽菱形被夹在两组十八个(9 x2)铜原子之间,呈杯状,整个簇是一个细长的三角形gyrobicupola。金属核通过20个氢化物配体经由各种(mu(3),mu(4),mu(5))-H配位模式和12个二硫代磷酸盐配体以四金属四连接(eta(4):mu(2),mu(2))或三金属四连接(eta(3):mu(2):mu(2))模式配位来稳定。2(H)的结构基序与H-1具有令人着迷的相关性,H-1具有十八(9 × 2)个铜原子的伸长的三角形邻二立方骨架,沿C-3轴沿着具有封装的线性Cu-2单元,并以四金属四连接(eta(4):mu(2),mu(2))模式被11(mu(3),mu(4))-H和9个二硫代磷酸盐配体保护。异丙基衍生物[Cu-32(H)(20){S2 P((OPr)-Pr-i)(2)}(12)],3(H)和[Cu-20(H)(11){S2 P((OPr)-Pr-i)(2)}(9)],4(H)在不同的物理化学条件下研究了H-2的析出,证明它们是储氢材料的优良模型。此外,在阳光照射、温和的热处理(类似于60 C-0)和酸化下,随着H-2的释放,簇3(H)转化为[Cu-8(H){S2 P((OPr)-Pr-1)(2)}(6)](+),5(H)。有趣的是,5(H)可以在[BH 4](-)存在下与Cu+盐反应并重新形成3(H)。团簇4(H)也通过5(H)和[BH 4](-)之间的反应可重复地重新形成,由此提出了团簇转化和H-2演化的连续循环。通过进一步还原3(H)和4(H)制备的菱形铜纳米颗粒显示了金属络合物在湿化学法形成金属纳米颗粒中的中介作用。
This study reports on new bis-2-butyl dithiophosphate-stabilized polyhydrido copper nanoclusters, [Cu-32(H)(20){S2P((OBu)-Bu-2)(2)}(12)], 1(H), and [Cu20H11{S2P((OBu)-Bu-2)(2)}(9)], 2(H). The clusters 1(H) and 2(H) have been characterized by a variety of techniques including multinuclear NMR (H-1, H-2, P-31), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and low temperature X-ray crystallography. The presence of hydride ligands was supported by the (HNMR)-H-2 spectrum of the deuteride analogs [Cu-32(D)(20){S2P((OBu)-Bu-2)(2))(12)], 1(D) and [Cu20D11{S2P((OBu)-Bu-2)(2)}(9)], 2(D). The metal skeleton of 1(H) revealed that a hexacapped rhombohedron of fourteen copper atoms was sandwiched between two sets of eighteen (9x2) copper atoms in a cup shape and the entire cluster is an elongated triangular gyrobicupola. The metal core is stabilized by 20 hydride ligands via various (mu(3), mu(4), mu(5))-H coordination modes and 12 dithiophosphate ligands coordinated either in tetrametallic tetraconnective (eta(4): mu(2), mu(2)) or trimetallic tetraconnective (eta(3): mu(2): mu(2)) patterns. The structural motif of 2(H) showed fascinating correlations with H-1 having an elongated triangular orthobicupola framework of eighteen (9x2) copper atoms with an encapsulated linear Cu-2 unit along the C-3 axis and protected by 11 (mu(3), mu(4))-H and 9 dithiophosphate ligands in a tetrametallic tetraconnective (eta(4): mu(2), mu(2)) mode. The isopropyl derivatives, [Cu-32(H)(20){S2P((OPr)-Pr-i)(2)}(12)], 3(H) and [Cu-20(H)(11){S2P((OPr)-Pr-i)(2)}(9)], 4(H), were used to study H-2 evolution under different physico-chemical conditions and proved to be excellent models for hydrogen storage materials. Additionally, following H-2 evolution under sunlight irradiation, mild thermolysis (similar to 60 C-o) and acidification, cluster 3(H) converted into [Cu-8(H){S2P((OPr)-Pr-i)(2)}(6)](+), 5(H). Intriguingly 5(H) can react with Cu+ salt in the presence of [BH4](-) and re-form 3(H). Cluster 4(H) also reproducibly re-formed via the reaction between 5(H) and [BH4](-) from which a continuous cycle of cluster conversion and H-2 evolution is proposed. Rhombus-shaped copper nanoparticles fabricated from further reductions of 3(H) and 4(H) showed the intermediary role of metal hydrides in the formation of metal nanoparticles under wet chemical methods.