Probing Single Membrane Proteins by Atomic Force Microscopy

Probing Single Membrane Proteins by Atomic Force Microscopy
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用原子力显微镜探测单膜蛋白

DOI:
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发表时间:
2009
期刊:
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
D. Müller
D. Müller
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
S. Scheuring;K. Sapra;D. Müller

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在本书的章节中,我们描述了原子力显微镜(AFM)的工作原理,其次是原子力显微镜在膜蛋白的高分辨率成像和单分子力谱中的应用。在成像模式下,AFM可以直接观察天然膜中膜蛋白的组装,分辨率接近~0.5 nm,具有出色的信噪比。可以观察到单个膜蛋白的构象偏差,并直接成像其功能状态。延时AFM可以对工作中的膜蛋白进行成像。结合高分辨率成像,AFM作为单分子力光谱仪(SMFS)的使用近年来获得了巨大的重要性。这种组合允许定位单个膜蛋白的分子间和分子内相互作用。SMFS允许表征指导蛋白质折叠的相互作用,并描述导致其不稳定、故障和错误折叠的参数。此外,它能够测量由配体和底物结合以及膜蛋白组装体建立的相互作用。由于其在表征膜蛋白在其天然环境中的各种参数的实际用途,AFM可以恰当地描述为“尖端实验室”设备。
In this book chapter, we describe the working principle of the atomic force microscope (AFM), followed by the applications of AFM in high-resolution imaging and single-molecule force spectroscopy of membrane proteins. In the imaging mode, AFM allows observing the assembly of membrane proteins directly in native membranes approaching a resolution of ~0.5 nm with an outstanding signal-to-noise ratio. Conformational deviations of individual membrane proteins can be observed and their functional states directly imaged. Time-lapse AFM can image membrane proteins at work. In conjunction with high- resolution imaging, the use of the AFM as a single-molecule force spectroscope (SMFS) has gained tremendous importance in recent years. This combination allows to locate the inter- and intramolecular interactions of single membrane proteins. SMFS allows characterization of interactions that guide the folding of proteins and describe the parameters that lead to their destabilization, malfunction and misfolding. Moreover, it enables to measure the interactions established by ligand- and inhibitor-binding and in membrane protein assemblies. Because of its practical use in characterizing various parameters of membrane proteins in their native environment, AFM can be aptly described as a ‘lab on a tip’ device.
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