Distributed control of a fleet of batteries
Distributed control of a fleet of batteries
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电池组的分布式控制
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sean P. Meyn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Bušić;Md Umar Hashmi;Sean P. Meyn
电池储能对于电网级服务（如频率调节、负载跟踪和调峰）越来越重要。大量电池的管理提出了一个控制挑战：我们如何解决协调大量电池的明显组合问题，这些电池具有离散的、可能缓慢的充电/放电速率？控制解决方案必须考虑电池约束，并确保总功率输出跟踪所需的电网级信号。一个分布式的随机控制体系结构引入作为一个潜在的解决方案。扩展了柔性负载分布式控制的研究成果，为同一类型的每个电池定义了一个随机决策规则。每个时隙的功率模式是网格信号及其内部状态的随机化函数。随机化决策规则被设计为最大化每个电池的空闲时间，并保持充电状态接近其最佳水平，同时确保聚合功率输出可以由电网运营商或聚合器连续控制。数值结果表明，良好的跟踪，和低应力的个别电池。
Battery storage is increasingly important for grid-level services such as frequency regulation, load following, and peak-shaving. The management of a large number of batteries presents a control challenge: How can we solve the apparently combinatorial problem of coordinating a large number of batteries with discrete, and possibly slow rates of charge/discharge? The control solution must respect battery constraints, and ensure that the aggregate power output tracks the desired grid-level signal. A distributed stochastic control architecture is introduced as a potential solution. Extending prior research on distributed control of flexible loads, a randomized decision rule is defined for each battery of the same type. The power mode at each time-slot is a randomized function of the grid-signal and its internal state. The randomized decision rule is designed to maximize idle time of each battery, and keep the state-of-charge near its optimal level, while ensuring that the aggregate power output can be continuously controlled by a grid operator or aggregator. Numerical results show excellent tracking, and low stress to individual batteries.