Identifying cardiorespiratory neurocircuitry involved in central command during exercise in humans
Identifying cardiorespiratory neurocircuitry involved in central command during exercise in humans
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DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.2006.122549
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发表时间：
2007-01-15
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Paterson, David J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green, Alexander L.;Wang, Shouyan;Paterson, David J.
近一百年来，人们一直在寻找人类大脑结构控制运动所产生的心肺反应(“中枢指挥”)的确切作用。动物实验和功能成像研究已经提供了线索，但人类相关神经部位潜在的电生理活动从未被测量过。在这项研究中，在一项旨在将运动从外围反馈机制中分离出来的运动任务中，局部场电位被直接记录在一些“深”脑核团中。几个患者组通过立体定向植入电极来治疗运动障碍或慢性疼痛。将快速傅立叶变换分析应用于神经图，以识别基频的功率。对运动的预期导致心率、血压和通气量的增加。中脑导水管周围灰质区的神经变化最大，12-25赫兹频段的功率增加了43%(P=0.007)。与休息相比，运动使活动量增加87%(P=0.006)。当预期或锻炼使功率分别增加32%(P=0.006)和109%(P<；0.001)时，60-90赫兹频段也发生了变化。在丘脑底核，β频率的功率在预期(7.6%+/-0.68%P=0.001)和运动(17.3%+/-0.96%P<；0.001)两种情况下都降低，而运动仅在较高频率时增加(93+/-1.8%P=0.007)。在运动预期过程中，苍白球未见明显变化。我们提供了直接的电生理学证据，强调PAG是运动引起的心肺反应神经回路中一个重要的皮质下区域，因为刺激这一结构已知会改变清醒人类的血压。
For almost one hundred years, the exact role of human brain structures controlling the cardiorespiratory response to exercise ('central command') has been sought. Animal experiments and functional imaging studies have provided clues, but the underlying electrophysiological activity of proposed relevant neural sites in humans has never been measured. In this study, local field potentials were directly recorded in a number of 'deep' brain nuclei during an exercise task designed to dissociate the exercise from peripheral feedback mechanisms. Several patient groups had electrodes implanted sterotaxically for the treatment of movement disorder or chronic pain. Fast Fourier transform analysis was applied to the neurograms to identify the power of fundamental spectral frequencies. Anticipation of exercise resulted in increases in heart rate, blood pressure and ventilation. The greatest neural changes were found in the periaqueductal grey area (PAG) where anticipation of exercise was accompanied by an increase of 43% in the power of the 12-25 Hz frequency band (P = 0.007). Exercise increased the activity by 87% compared to rest (P = 0.006). Changes were also seen in the 60-90 Hz band when anticipation or exercise increased power by 32% (P = 0.006) and 109% (P < 0.001), respectively. In the subthalamic nucleus there was a reduction in the power of the beta frequency during both anticipation (7.6 +/- 0.68% P = 0.001) and exercise (17.3 +/- 0.96% P < 0.001), whereas an increase was seen with exercise only at higher frequencies (93 +/- 1.8% P = 0.007). No significant changes were seen in the globus pallidus during anticipation of exercise. We provide direct electrophysiological evidence highlighting the PAG as an important subcortical area in the neural circuitry of the cardiorespiratory response to exercise, since stimulation of this structure is known to alter blood pressure in awake humans.