Adjusted Maximum Likelihood Method in Small Area Estimation Problems.

Adjusted Maximum Likelihood Method in Small Area Estimation Problems.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jmva.2009.10.009
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发表时间:
2010-04-01
影响因子:
1.6
通讯作者:
Lahiri, P.
Lahiri, P.
中科院分区:
数学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li, Huilin;Lahiri, P.

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对于著名的Fay-Herriot小区域模型,标准方差分量估计方法经常产生严格正模型方差的零估计。因此,通常用于小区域估计的小区域平均值的经验最佳线性无偏预测值可以简化为简单的回归估计值,其通常具有过收缩问题。我们提出了模型方差的调整最大似然估计,其最大化定义为模型方差和标准似然的乘积的调整似然(例如,轮廓或剩余似然)函数。调整因子是由Carl Morris在近似分层贝叶斯解的上下文中提出的,其中假设超参数(包括模型方差)遵循先验分布。有趣的是,建议的调整不影响模型方差估计的均方误差属性或相应的经验最佳线性无偏预测的小区域意味着在高阶渐近意义上。然而,在我们的模拟研究中,所提出的调整有相当大的优势,在小样本的推断,特别是在估计收缩参数,并在构建参数的自助预测区间的小区域的意思,这需要使用一个严格的正一致的模型方差估计。
For the well-known Fay-Herriot small area model, standard variance component estimation methods frequently produce zero estimates of the strictly positive model variance. As a consequence, an empirical best linear unbiased predictor of a small area mean, commonly used in the small area estimation, could reduce to a simple regression estimator, which typically has an overshrinking problem. We propose an adjusted maximum likelihood estimator of the model variance that maximizes an adjusted likelihood defined as a product of the model variance and a standard likelihood (e.g., profile or residual likelihood) function. The adjustment factor was suggested earlier by Carl Morris in the context of approximating a hierarchical Bayes solution where the hyperparameters, including the model variance, are assumed to follow a prior distribution. Interestingly, the proposed adjustment does not affect the mean squared error property of the model variance estimator or the corresponding empirical best linear unbiased predictors of the small area means in a higher order asymptotic sense. However, as demonstrated in our simulation study, the proposed adjustment has a considerable advantage in the small sample inference, especially in estimating the shrinkage parameters and in constructing the parametric bootstrap prediction intervals of the small area means, which require the use of a strictly positive consistent model variance estimate.
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