Long-term responses of North Atlantic calcifying plankton to climate change
Long-term responses of North Atlantic calcifying plankton to climate change
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DOI：
10.1038/nclimate1753
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
30.7
通讯作者：
Goberville, Eric
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beaugrand, Gregory;McQuatters-Gollop, Abigail;Goberville, Eric
全球大气层二氧化碳浓度的增加可能从两个方面威胁海洋生物多样性。首先，二氧化碳和其他温室气体在大气中的积累正在导致全球变暖（1）。其次，二氧化碳正在改变海水的化学性质，使海洋变得更加酸性。虽然温度对从分子到生态系统水平的所有生物过程都有重要影响（3），但酸化可能会损害钙化过程或加剧钙化生物的溶解（4）。然而，在这里，我们表明，北大西洋钙化浮游生物主要对1960-2009年期间气候引起的温度变化做出反应，压倒了海洋酸化影响的信号。我们提供的证据表明，有孔虫，颗石藻，翼足类和非翼足类软体动物和棘皮动物在1996年左右的温度大幅上升时表现出突然的转变（5），一些分类群表现出向极运动，与海水温度变暖下预期的地理变化一致（6，7）。虽然酸化可能成为海洋钙化生物的严重威胁，但我们的研究结果表明，在研究期间，北大西洋钙化浮游生物的主要驱动因素是海洋温度。
The global increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration is potentially threatening marine biodiversity in two ways. First, carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases accumulating in the atmosphere are causing global warming(1). Second, carbon dioxide is altering sea water chemistry, making the ocean more acidic(2). Although temperature has a cardinal influence on all biological processes from the molecular to the ecosystem level(3), acidification might impair the process of calcification or exacerbate dissolution of calcifying organisms(4). Here, we show however that North Atlantic calcifying plankton primarily responded to climate-induced changes in temperatures during the period 1960-2009, overriding the signal from the effects of ocean acidification. We provide evidence that foraminifers, coccolithophores, both pteropod and non-pteropod molluscs and echinoderms exhibited an abrupt shift circa 1996 at a time of a substantial increase in temperature(5) and that some taxa exhibited a poleward movement in agreement with expected biogeographical changes under sea temperature warming(6,7). Although acidification may become a serious threat to marine calcifying organisms, our results suggest that over the study period the primary driver of North Atlantic calcifying plankton was oceanic temperature.