Evaluation of entomopathogenic fungi against chilli thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis.
Evaluation of entomopathogenic fungi against chilli thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis.
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DOI：
10.1673/031.013.3101
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Avery PB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arthurs SP;Aristizábal LF;Avery PB
评价了昆虫病原真菌的商业菌株用于控制辣椒蓟马，Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood（Thysanoptera：Thripidae），其是加勒比海和美国东南部的观赏植物和蔬菜植物的入侵性害虫。在实验室测定中，对成虫S.球孢白僵菌GHA的最低活菌数为5.1 × 104 CFU/mL，褐绿僵菌F52和玫烟色棒束孢Apopka 97的最高活菌数分别为3.1 × 105和3.8 × 105。二龄幼虫对所有分离株的敏感性相对较低，表面上是由于蜕皮，GHA、F52和Apopka 97菌株的LC 50值分别为1.1 × 108、7.0 × 105和9.9 × 105 CFU/孢子/mL。在温室大棚中，与对照相比，真菌杀虫剂和其他生物合理杀虫剂以7至14天的间隔施用三次，总体上降低了S。在辣椒植株Capsicum annuum cv.加州奇迹：多杀菌素减少了94- 99%的人口，M。brunneum F52的提高率为84- 93%;球孢白僵菌GHA提高81- 94%，I.玫烟色PFR-97提高62- 66%，不同园艺油提高58- 85%。结果表明，M. brunneum F52，B. B. bassiana GHA和2% SuffOil-X处理。在炎热的阳光条件下，在观赏玫瑰灌木Rosa sp. Red Double Knock Out®的苗圃测试中观察到略低的控制水平。10周内施用四次可减少蓟马种群：多杀菌素平均减少91%，M。brunneum F52的平均转化率为81%，B.巴西黑曲霉GHA平均提高62%，SuffOil-X平均提高50%，I.玫烟色菌PFR-97平均降低44%。这些数据表明，真菌杀虫剂可用于管理策略，为低至中等人口的S。dorsalis，并为有效对抗这种害虫的有限数量的杀虫剂提供抗性管理工具。
Commercial strains of entomopathogenic fungi were evaluated for control of chilli thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), an invasive pest of ornamental and vegetable plants in the Caribbean and southeastern United States. In laboratory assays, LC50 values against adult S. dorsalis were 5.1 × 104 CFU/mL for Beauveria bassiana GHA, with higher values 3.1 × 105 for Metarhizium brunneum F52 and 3.8 × 105 for Isaria fumosorosea Apopka 97. Second instars were comparatively less susceptible to all isolates, ostensibly due to moulting, with LC50 values of 1.1 × 108, 7.0 × 105, and 9.9 × 105 CFU/spores per mL for GHA, F52, and Apopka 97 strains, respectively. In greenhouse cages, compared with controls, three applications of mycoinsecticides and other biorational insecticides at 7 to 14 day intervals reduced overall S. dorsalis populations on pepper plants Capsicum annuum cv. California Wonder: spinosad reduced populations by 94–99%, M. brunneum F52 by 84–93%, B. bassiana GHA by 81–94%, I. fumosorosea PFR-97 by 62–66%, and different horticultural oils by 58–85%. The proportion of marketable fruit was significantly increased by M. brunneum F52, B. bassiana GHA, and 2% SuffOil-X treatments. Slightly lower levels of control were observed in nursery tests with ornamental rose shrubs, Rosa sp. Red Double Knock Out®, during hot sunny conditions. Four applications reduced thrips populations over 10 weeks: spinosad by an average of 91%, M. brunneum F52 by an average of 81%, B. bassiana GHA by an average of 62%, SuffOil-X by an average of 50%, and I. fumosorosea PFR-97 by an average of 44%. The data show that mycoinsecticides can be used in management strategies for low to moderate populations of S. dorsalis and provide resistance management tools for the limited number of insecticides that are effective against this pest.