River Otter Monitoring By Citizen Science Volunteers in Northern California: Social Groups and Litter Size
River Otter Monitoring By Citizen Science Volunteers in Northern California: Social Groups and Litter Size
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北加州公民科学志愿者对河獭的监测：社会群体和产仔数
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Black
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Black
摘要通过在洪堡县和德尔诺特县的志愿者观察，收集了新北河水獭（Lontra canadensis）的种群和窝仔数模式。在前5年，709条记录通过电子邮件、邮件或在线表格发送。河獭幼崽的特点是相对于成年人的身体大小。群体大小，从1到9水獭，在夏季较大，在冬季较小。窝仔数从1只到4只不等，从春季的平均3.2只下降到秋季的1.6只。观察员在23个水道中记录了49窝水獭，其中一些地点的水獭在多年内生产幼崽。这种公民科学的监测方法可以提供宝贵的信息，以评估基本的人口参数，否则可能无法获得。
Abstract Opportunistic observations of Nearctic River Otter (Lontra canadensis) were collected by volunteer observers in Humboldt and Del Norte counties to describe group and litter size patterns. In the first 5 y, 709 records were sent by email, mail, or an online form. River Otter pups were characterized relative to adult body size. Group sizes, ranging from 1 to 9 otters, were larger in summer and smaller in winter. Litter size ranged from 1 to 4 pups and declined from an average of 3.2 in spring to 1.6 in fall. Observers recorded 49 litters among 23 watercourses, with otters from some sites producing pups in multiple years. This Citizen Science approach to monitoring can provide valuable information to assess basic population parameters that might otherwise be unobtainable.