Evaluation of the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) Model Using Near-Surface Meteorological and Flux Observations from Northern Alabama
Evaluation of the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) Model Using Near-Surface Meteorological and Flux Observations from Northern Alabama
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DOI：
10.1175/waf-d-18-0184.1
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发表时间：
2019-06
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Temple R. Lee;Michael Buban;D. Turner;T. Meyers;C. Baker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Temple R. Lee;Michael Buban;D. Turner;T. Meyers;C. Baker
高分辨率快速刷新（HRRR）模式于2014年在国家环境预测中心（NCEP）投入使用，但HRRR在美国某些地区的表现尚未得到很好的研究。在本研究中，我们评估了2016年8月在NCEP开始运行的HRRR版本2模拟北方亚拉巴马两个地点的近地表气象场和地表能量平衡的效果。我们评估了1小时、3小时、6小时、12小时和18小时的HRRR预测，以及HRRR的初始条件（即，0小时初始字段）使用气象和通量观测从两个10米的微气象塔附近安装贝儿米娜和卡尔曼，亚拉巴马。在2016年9月1日至2017年4月30日的8个月模式评估期间，我们发现HRRR准确地模拟了近地面空气和露点温度的观测（R2 > 0.95）。当比较HRRR输出与观测到的感热、潜热和地面热通量在两个站点，我们发现，协议较弱（R2 <$0.7），和均方根误差远大于近地面气象变量。这些发现有助于激励需要额外的工作，以提高代表性的表面通量和他们的耦合到大气中的未来版本的HRRR是更现实的物理。
The High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model became operational at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) in 2014 but the HRRR’s performance over certain regions of the coterminous United States has not been well studied. In the present study, we evaluated how well version 2 of the HRRR, which became operational at NCEP in August 2016, simulates the near-surface meteorological fields and the surface energy balance at two locations in northern Alabama. We evaluated the 1-, 3-, 6-, 12-, and 18-h HRRR forecasts, as well as the HRRR’s initial conditions (i.e., the 0-h initial fields) using meteorological and flux observations obtained from two 10-m micrometeorological towers installed near Belle Mina and Cullman, Alabama. During the 8-month model evaluation period, from 1 September 2016 to 30 April 2017, we found that the HRRR accurately simulated the observations of near-surface air and dewpoint temperature (R2 > 0.95). When comparing the HRRR output with the observed sensible, latent, and ground heat flux at both sites, we found that the agreement was weaker (R2 ≈ 0.7), and the root-mean-square errors were much larger than those found for the near-surface meteorological variables. These findings help motivate the need for additional work to improve the representation of surface fluxes and their coupling to the atmosphere in future versions of the HRRR to be more physically realistic.