Trans-migrations: Agency and Confinement at the Limits of Sovereignty
Trans-migrations: Agency and Confinement at the Limits of Sovereignty
复制标题
DOI：
10.1086/695302
复制
发表时间：
2018-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Balaguera, Martha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Balaguera, Martha
从历史的角度来看，对性别、性行为和移民的交叉分析一直是女权主义者和同性恋国家理论的核心。在21世纪，越来越多的驱逐出境和大规模监禁，主要是棕色和黑人男子，引起了越来越多的学者对新自由主义下性别、种族和国家强制性权力增加的交叉问题的关注，包括新兴的拘留研究领域。然而，美洲越来越多的跨性别者流离失所，以及他们具体的移民经历告诉我们，在边境和更远的地方，国家主权性质的变化，仍然没有得到充分的理论支持。基于参与者的观察和对墨西哥移民收容所跨性人的采访，这项研究揭示了性别和地理转变如何相互塑造，模糊了庇护所和无家可归、运动和有界、自由和不自由的区别。它揭示了违反直觉的反转和监禁地点，超出了严格的监禁设施的围墙，尽管过去几年墨西哥和美国的移民拘留和监禁比率都大幅上升。根据这些发现，我提出了运动中禁闭的概念，即使主体不是在普通意义上的太空中旅行，这种状态也会持续存在。我进一步认为，尽管全球积累的要求不断推动人们流动，但移民流动并没有继续不受约束，而是通过一种超越国家的主权禁锢制度纳入了当代全球治理。
Intersectional analyses of gender, sexuality, and migrations have been central to feminist and queer theorizations of the state in historical perspective. In the twenty-first century, mounting deportations and mass incarcerationmostly of brown and black menhave elicited growing scholarly concern about the intersections of gender, race, and increased state coercive power under neoliberalism, including the emerging field of detention studies. However, the increasing displacement of trans subjects in the Americas, and what their embodied experiences of migration tell us about the changing nature of state sovereignty at the border and beyond, remains undertheorized. Based on participant observation and interviews conducted with chicas trans at migrant shelters in Mexico, this study sheds light on how gender and geographical transitions shape each other, blurring distinctions of shelter and homelessness, motion and boundedness, and freedom and unfreedom. It reveals counterintuitive inversions and sites of confinement beyond the walls of strictly carceral facilities, even as rates of migrant detention and imprisonment have increased dramatically in both Mexico and the United States in the past few years. Drawing on these findings, I propose the notion of confinement in motion, a state that persists even when the subject is not traveling through space in an ordinary sense. I further argue that, while the requirements of global accumulation continuously set people in motion, migratory flows have not remained undisciplined but have been incorporated into contemporary global governance through a carceral regime of sovereignty that exceeds the state.