Microgeographic adaptation linked to forest fragmentation and habitat quality in the tropical fruit fly Drosophila birchii
Microgeographic adaptation linked to forest fragmentation and habitat quality in the tropical fruit fly Drosophila birchii
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热带果蝇的微地理适应与森林破碎化和栖息地质量有关
DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.20156.x
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
A. Hoffmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Willi;A. Hoffmann
很少有人知道的进化影响栖息地破碎化，虽然改变选择制度可能会影响遗传组成的破碎化的人口。特别是，片段化可能导致选择增强的胁迫抗性和耐受不利的环境条件。我们调查了连续三年在澳大利亚昆士兰州北方大森林的小片段和内部的果蝇birchii苍蝇栖息地破碎化的进化后果。在一个共同的花园设计中发现了进化的差异。苍蝇从片段较大，干燥抵抗力较低，特别是在第一年，当他们也发展得更快，并有较高的成年前的生存波动的温度下。此外，幼鱼的存活率和成年鱼的体型大小与栖息地质量的衡量标准--D。自然界中的Birchii结果支持的假设，破碎化和栖息地质量施加不同的选择。这些结果也支持了保持生态相关性状遗传变异的保护策略，因为在破碎的栖息地中的持久性似乎取决于多个表达性状的遗传变异。
Little is known about the evolutionary implications of habitat fragmentation, although altered selection regimes could influence the genetic constitution of fragmented populations. In particular, fragmentation might lead to selection for enhanced stress resistance and tolerance of unfavorable environmental conditions. We investigated the evolutionary consequences of habitat fragmentation in Drosophila birchii flies from small fragments and the interior of large forests of northern Queensland, Australia, in three consecutive years. Evolved differences were detected in a common garden design. Flies from fragments were larger and less desiccation resistant, particularly in the first year, when they also developed faster, and had higher preadult survival under fluctuating temperatures. Furthermore, juvenile survival and adult body size were linked to a measure of habitat quality, the abundance of D. birchii in nature. The results support the hypothesis that fragmentation and habitat quality impose divergent selection. The results also bolster the conservation strategy of maintaining genetic variation for ecologically relevant traits, because persistence in fragmented habitats seems to depend on genetic variation in multiple expressed traits.