Efficacy of hydroxocobalamin for the treatment of acute cyanide poisoning in adult beagle dogs
Efficacy of hydroxocobalamin for the treatment of acute cyanide poisoning in adult beagle dogs
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DOI：
10.1080/15563650600811672
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Reid, Frances
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Borron, Stephen W.;Stonerook, Michael;Reid, Frances
导论.本文比较了羟钴胺素与生理盐水对急性氰化物中毒犬的治疗效果。方法.对麻醉的成年比格犬给予氰化钾（0.4 mg/kg/min，IV），直至呼吸暂停发作后3 min。然后在7.5分钟内输注羟钴胺（75 mg/kg [n = 19]或150 mg/kg [n = 18]，IV）或生理盐水溶剂[n = 17]，同时动物用100%氧气通气，15分钟后停止。在溶剂给药动物中，氰化物导致恶化，最终导致17只动物中的10只动物处于濒死状态，需要在4小时内实施安乐死，另外4只动物出现神经功能缺损，需要在2-4天内实施安乐死（死亡率82%）。在15/19只给予羟钴胺75 mg/kg的动物中观察到14 d的存活率（死亡率21%），在18/18只给予羟钴胺150 mg/kg的动物中观察到18 d的存活率（死亡率0%）。结论羟钴胺素在犬模型中逆转氰化物毒性并降低死亡率。
Introduction. The efficacy of hydroxocobalamin for acute cyanide poisoning was compared with that of saline vehicle in dogs. Methods. Anesthetized adult beagle dogs were administered potassium cyanide (0.4 mg/kg/min, IV) until 3 min after the onset of apnea. Hydroxocobalamin (75 mg/kg [n = 19] or 150 mg/kg [n = 18], IV) or saline vehicle [n = 17] was then infused over 7.5 min while animals were ventilated with 100% oxygen, which was stopped after 15 min. Results. In vehicle-treated animals cyanide produced deterioration that culminated in a moribund state requiring euthanasia within 4 h in 10 of 17 animals and in neurological deficits necessitating euthanasia within 2-4 d in an additional 4 animals (mortality rate 82%). Survival through 14 d was observed in 15 of 19 animals administered hydroxocobalamin 75 mg/kg (mortality rate 21%), and 18 of 18 administered hydroxocobalamin 150 mg/kg (mortality rate 0%). Conclusion. Hydroxocobalamin reversed cyanide toxicity and reduced mortality in a canine model.