Variation in regrowth ability in relation to land-use intensity in three common grassland herbs
Variation in regrowth ability in relation to land-use intensity in three common grassland herbs
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DOI：
10.1093/jpe/rtab001
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发表时间：
2021-06
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Anna Kirschbaum;O. Bossdorf;J. F. Scheepens
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Anna Kirschbaum;O. Bossdorf;J. F. Scheepens
放牧、刈割和施肥对管理草原植物种群的选择作用很强。许多先前的研究表明，这可能导致平均性状值的进化变化，但对表型可塑性在土地利用响应中的进化知之甚少。在本研究中，我们旨在阐明表型可塑性（特别是生物量去除后的再生能力）与草地管理强度及其时间变化水平之间的关系。我们进行了一个室外普通花园实验，以测试来自更密集的刈割和放牧地点的植物在去除生物质后是否表现出更强的再生能力。我们使用了三种来自欧洲温带草原的常见植物物种，从58到68个种群的种子材料，沿着土地利用强度的梯度，从粗放（仅轻度放牧）到非常集约的管理（每年最多四次砍伐）。在三分之二的物种中，我们发现在修剪后的再生能力方面存在显著的种群差异。虽然再生能力的变化与原始种群的平均土地利用强度无关，但我们发现车前草的再生能力与其时间变化有关，在过去11年中经历较少变化的环境条件的植物在修剪后的生殖生物量中表现出更强的再生能力。因此，虽然平均放牧和刈割强度可能不选择再生能力，但土地利用造成的环境异质性的时间稳定性可能导致其在某些物种中进化。
Plant populations in managed grasslands are subject to strong selection exerted by grazing, mowing and fertilization. Many previous studies showed that this can cause evolutionary changes in mean trait values, but little is known about the evolution of phenotypic plasticity in response to land use. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the relationships between phenotypic plasticity—specifically, regrowth ability after biomass removal—and the intensity of grassland management and levels of temporal variation therein. We conducted an outdoor common garden experiment to test if plants from more intensively mown and grazed sites showed an increased ability to regrow after biomass removal. We used three common plant species from temperate European grasslands, with seed material from 58 to 68 populations along gradients of land-use intensity, ranging from extensive (only light grazing) to very intensive management (up to four cuts per year). In two out of three species, we found significant population differentiation in regrowth ability after clipping. While variation in regrowth ability was unrelated to the mean land-use intensity of populations of origin, we found a relationship with its temporal variation in Plantago lanceolata, where plants experiencing less variable environmental conditions over the last 11 years showed stronger regrowth in reproductive biomass after clipping. Therefore, while mean grazing and mowing intensity may not select for regrowth ability, the temporal stability of the environmental heterogeneity created by land use may have caused its evolution in some species.