Cell-autonomous enhancement of glutamate-uptake by female astrocytes.
Cell-autonomous enhancement of glutamate-uptake by female astrocytes.
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雌性星形胶质细胞对谷氨酸摄取的细胞自主增强。
DOI：
10.1007/s10571-012-9829-z
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morizawa;Y
由于性腺女性激素作用于并保护神经元，众所周知，女性大脑比男性大脑更不易受到中风或其他大脑损伤。虽然神经胶质功能已被证明会影响大脑的脆弱性，但人们对神经胶质中是否存在这种性别差异知之甚少，更不用说可能导致神经胶质功能性别依赖性差异的机制了。在这项研究中，我们表明，在体外星形胶质细胞获得的无论是女性或男性的幼崽显示出性腺发育不依赖的表型，可以解释性别依赖的脆弱性的大脑。女性脊髓星形胶质细胞清除更多的谷氨酸GLAST比男性。此外，在雌性脊髓星形胶质细胞上接种的运动神经元比在雄性脊髓星形胶质细胞上接种的运动神经元对谷氨酸的敏感性更低。这表明，女性星形胶质细胞摄取更多的谷氨酸，并显示出更强的神经保护作用，对谷氨酸比男性的。应该指出的是，这种效果是独立的性腺女性激素，表明星形胶质细胞具有细胞自主的调节机制，通过它们将自己转化为适当的表型。
Since gonadal female hormones act on and protect neurons, it is well known that the female brain is less vulnerable to stroke or other brain insults than the male brain. Although glial functions have been shown to affect the vulnerability of the brain, little is known if such a sex difference exists in glia, much less the mechanism that might cause gender-dependent differences in glial functions. In this study, we show that in vitro astrocytes obtained from either female or male pups show a gonadal hormone-independent phenotype that could explain the gender-dependent vulnerability of the brain. Female spinal astrocytes cleared more glutamate by GLAST than male ones. In addition, motoneurons seeded on female spinal astrocytes were less vulnerable to glutamate than those seeded on male ones. It is suggested that female astrocytes uptake more glutamate and reveal a stronger neuroprotective effect against glutamate than male ones. It should be noted that such an effect was independent of gonadal female hormones, suggesting that astrocytes have cell-autonomous regulatory mechanisms by which they transform themselves into appropriate phenotypes.