Growth, death, and resource competition in sessile organisms.
Growth, death, and resource competition in sessile organisms.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2020424118
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发表时间：
2021-04-13
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
West GB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee ED;Kempes CP;West GB
虽然白蚁土丘脱颖而出，作为一个例子，非常有规律的模式出现在很长一段时间内从当地的相互作用，生态空间格局的范围从定期到随机，和时间模式的范围从短暂到稳定。我们提出了一个最小的定量框架来统一这种多样性，占如何快速固着生物生长和死亡介导的竞争波动的资源。在森林代谢缩放理论的基础上，我们重现了广泛的空间模式并预测了与观察结果一致的瞬时特征，例如种群冲击波。通过连接不同的生态动态，我们的工作将有助于更广泛地应用模型系统的经验教训（例如，通过利用远程绘图来推断当地生态条件）。生态系统中的种群尺度是由个体在竞争约束下的生长和死亡引起的。我们建立在一个最小的代谢增长的动力学模型，其中个人的增长和死亡率之间的紧张关系决定人口规模分布。然后，我们单独包括基于共享捕获面积的资源竞争。通过改变生长率、死亡率和竞争损耗率，我们将从森林到蚂蚁、白蚁和仙女圈的固着生物的规则和随机空间模式联系起来。然后，我们考虑瞬态的时间动态的背景下，不对称的竞争，如树冠遮荫或大的殖民地的优势，其影响主要是削弱较小的两个竞争对手。当这种竞争将缓慢的增长时间尺度与快速的竞争性死亡结合在一起时，它会产生类似于森林数据中观察到的人口冲击和人口波动。我们的最小定量理论统一的时空模式，通过当地的竞争介导的代谢增长的法律，这反过来又是长期的进化动力学的结果。
Although termite mounds stand out as an example of remarkably regular patterns emerging over long times from local interactions, ecological spatial patterns range from regular to random, and temporal patterns range from transient to stable. We propose a minimal quantitative framework to unify this variety by accounting for how quickly sessile organisms grow and die mediated by competition for fluctuating resources. Building on metabolic scaling theory for forests, we reproduce a wide range of spatial patterns and predict transient features such as population shock waves that align with observations. By connecting diverse ecological dynamics, our work will help apply lessons from model systems more broadly (e.g., by leveraging remote mapping to infer local ecological conditions). Population-level scaling in ecological systems arises from individual growth and death with competitive constraints. We build on a minimal dynamical model of metabolic growth where the tension between individual growth and mortality determines population size distribution. We then separately include resource competition based on shared capture area. By varying rates of growth, death, and competitive attrition, we connect regular and random spatial patterns across sessile organisms from forests to ants, termites, and fairy circles. Then, we consider transient temporal dynamics in the context of asymmetric competition, such as canopy shading or large colony dominance, whose effects primarily weaken the smaller of two competitors. When such competition couples slow timescales of growth to fast competitive death, it generates population shocks and demographic oscillations similar to those observed in forest data. Our minimal quantitative theory unifies spatiotemporal patterns across sessile organisms through local competition mediated by the laws of metabolic growth, which in turn, are the result of long-term evolutionary dynamics.
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影响因子：
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