Genetic differences for nitrogen uptake and nitrogen utilisation efficiencies in winter wheat
Genetic differences for nitrogen uptake and nitrogen utilisation efficiencies in winter wheat
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DOI：
10.1016/s1161-0301(00)00045-9
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发表时间：
2000-06-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Pluchard, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Le Gouis, J;Béghin, D;Pluchard, P
由于经济和生态因素，欧洲的农业实践可能会走向氮（N）肥料投入较少的广泛系统。本研究的目的是评估两个氮素水平下氮素利用的品种差异。以20个冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）在法国北方的深壤土上，在不含（NO）和含170 kg ha（-1）N肥料（N +）的硝酸铵的情况下，对基因型进行了2年的研究。结果是一致的，在这两年的基因型x年或基因型x年x N水平的相互作用是不显着的。基因型× N水平互作除总氮利用效率（地上总干重/地上总氮）和籽粒氮浓度外均达极显著水平。产量的基因型×氮水平互作主要是由于三种不同的基因型：Cappelle，一个来自20世纪40年代的品种，在NO和N +下具有相同的产量; Arche在两个氮水平下都具有高产; Recital在添加N的情况下具有高产，而在不添加N的情况下产量很低。穗粒数对NO和N +处理下籽粒产量的变异贡献最大（48%和80%），对互作效应的贡献最大（67%）。氮素吸收效率（地上部总氮/土壤氮供应）占氮素利用效率（籽粒产量/土壤氮供应）变化的64%，而在NO和N +下仅占30%。氮的利用效率（籽粒产量/地上总氮），然后更重要的是在N +比在NO。籽粒N解释了大部分的植物总氮的变化在两个N水平。氮素利用效率的相互作用最好地解释了氮素吸收的相互作用（63%）。这些结果的育种计划，以创建适应低投入管理系统的品种的应用进行了讨论。(C)2000 Elsevier Science B. V.保留所有权利。
Due to economic and ecological factors, European agricultural practices are likely to go towards extensive systems with lower inputs of nitrogen (N) fertilisers. The objective of this study waste assess varietal differences for N use at two nitrogen levels. A set of 20 winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes was studied over 2 years in northern France on a deep loam soil without (NO) and with 170 kg ha(-1) N fertiliser (N +)as ammonium nitrate. Results were consistent on both years as the genotype x year or genotype x year x N level interactions were not significant. The genotype x N level interaction was highly significant except for total N utilisation efficiency (total above-ground dry weight/total above-ground N) and grain N concentration. The genotype x N level interaction for grain yield was mainly due to three contrasting genotypes: Cappelle, a cultivar from the 1940s, had the same yield at NO and N +; Arche had a high yield at both N levels; and Recital had a high yield with added N and a very low one without N. The number of kernels/ear explained most of the variations of grain yield at NO (48%) and N + (80%), and of the interaction (67%). N uptake efficiency (total above-ground N/soil N supply) accounted for 64% of the variation in N use efficiency (grain yield/soil N supply), while at NO and at N + it accounted for only 30%. N utilisation efficiency (grain yield/total above-ground N) was then more important at N + than at NO. Grain N explained most of total plant N variation at both N levels. The interaction for N use efficiency was best explained by the interaction of N uptake (63%). The applications of these results to a breeding programme to create varieties adapted to low-input management systems are discussed. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.