The recruiter and the sceptic: a critical feminist approach to military studies
The recruiter and the sceptic: a critical feminist approach to military studies
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征兵者和怀疑论者：军事研究的批判女权主义方法
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
C. Enloe
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作者：
C. Enloe
做一个批判的军事分析家，就是做一个充满怀疑和好奇的军事分析家。使用批判的女权主义方法来研究军队，有助于对任何给定军队的创建和作用以及更广泛的军事化进程产生更可靠的解释和更现实的描述。这篇文章从马萨诸塞州萨默维尔的一个征兵站的纪念碑开始，转向了关于征兵策略的广泛问题，以及征兵者利用男性和女性特质的方式。这些问题是征兵人员完成征兵配额的核心问题，但却经常被军事分析人士忽视。这些问题包括：哪些性别、种族、性取向和阶级是招募和重新入伍的目标和排除对象？对男子气概的狭隘看法是如何被用来鼓励入伍的？招募人员是如何与潜在入伍者的母亲、女友和妻子打交道的？这些都涉及到如何建立、维持和部署军队等更广泛的问题。招聘者所做的计算通常被隐藏起来，以保持公民眼中的合法性。军事研究的批判性方法将这些计算带入视野，并呼吁怀疑主义，加深好奇心和对女权主义问题的严肃参与。
To be a critical military analyst is to be a sceptically curious military analyst. Using a critical feminist approach to studying the military can help to generate more reliable explanations and more realistic accountings of the creation and role of any given military and of broader processes of militarization. This article moves from a memorial of an army recruitment stand in Somerville, Massachusetts, to broad questions on the strategies of military recruitment and the ways in which masculinities and femininities are used by recruiters. These questions are central for recruiters in meeting their quotas, yet are regularly ignored by military analysts. These questions include: which genders, ethnicities, sexualities and classes are targeted and excluded for recruitment and reenlistment? How are narrow perceptions of manliness used to encourage enlistments? How are the mothers, girlfriends and wives of potential enlistees engaged with by recruiters? These speak to broader questions on how militaries are created, sustained and deployed. The calculations made by recruiters are usually shielded from view to maintain perceptions of legitimacy within the eyes of citizens. A critical approach to military studies brings these calculations into view and calls for scepticism, a deepening curiosity and a serious engagement with feminist questions.