Towards a Future Robotic Home Environment: A Survey
Towards a Future Robotic Home Environment: A Survey
复制标题
迈向未来的机器人家庭环境：一项调查
作者：
J. Güttler;C. Georgoulas;T. Linner;T. Bock
目的：人口结构的变化导致老年人增加，而与此同时，积极工作的人数正在下降。今后，照顾将减少，这是支持老龄化人口所必需的。为了使老年人能够有尊严地生活，他们应该能够尽可能独立地进行日常生活活动。本文的目的是描述几种解决方案和概念，可以支持老年人在他们的日常生活能力的方式，让他们保持自给自足尽可能长的时间。方法：为了实现这一目标，建筑实现和机器人实验室正在研究环境辅助生活领域。我们的想法是在家庭环境中实现机器人和传感器，以便有效地支持居民的ADL，并最终提高他们的独立性。通过将重要的传感器嵌入家具并使用ICT技术，医生或家人可以远程评估老年人的健康状况。通过研究老年人特有的人体工程学方面（例如通过年龄模拟服），可以开发和测试新概念和新应用，这将提供创新的解决方案。通过引入机电一体化和机器人技术，家庭环境可以通过手势，语音命令和视觉识别算法与居民无缝交互。与此同时，已经开发了几种解决方案来解决如何构建智能家居环境以创建周围辅助环境。本文介绍了这些概念是如何发展起来的。本文提出的每个概念的方法如下：（1）需求研究，（2）创建需求定义，（3）识别必要的技术和过程，（4）构建初始概念，（5）在真实的环境中进行实验，以及（6）最终概念的开发。为了保持这些概念的成本效益，建议的解决方案是模块化的。因此，一旦终端可以在现场外预制，就可以以“即插即用”的方式将所提出的设备直接安装在现有的家庭环境中。结果和讨论：这篇文章显示了各种概念，已经开发，以支持老年人在他们的日常生活能力。本文中提出的概念的原型已与老年人进行了测试。测试结果表明，嵌入家具、墙壁、天花板等的机器人提供了更强的支持，适当地解决了老年人和残疾人单独和独立管理他们的ADL的问题。为了使这些概念在成本方面可以实现，有必要将这些概念标准化和模块化，以供工业制造。
Purpose: Demographic change has resulted in an increase of elderly people, while at the same time the number of active working people is falling. In the future, there will be less caretaking, which is necessary to support the aging population. In order to enable the aged population to live in dignity, they should be able to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) as independently as possible. The aim of this paper is to describe several solutions and concepts that can support elderly people in their ADLs in a way that allows them to stay self-sufficient for as long as possible. Method: To reach this goal, the Building Realization and Robotics Lab is researching in the field of ambient assisted living. The idea is to implement robots and sensors in the home environment so as to efficiently support the inhabitants in their ADLs and eventually increase their independence. Through embedding vital sensors into furniture and using ICT technologies, the health status of elderly people can be remotely evaluated by a physician or family members. By investigating ergonomic aspects specific to elderly people (e.g. via an age-simulation suit), it is possible to develop and test new concepts and novel applications, which will offer innovative solutions. Via the introduction of mechatronics and robotics, the home environment can be made able to seamlessly interact with the inhabitant through gestures, vocal commands, and visual recognition algorithms. Meanwhile, several solutions have been developed that address how to build a smart home environment in order to create an ambient assisted environment. This article describes how these concepts were developed. The approach for each concept, proposed in this article, was performed as follows: (1) research of needs, (2) creating definitions of requirements, (3) identification of necessary technology and processes, (4) building initial concepts, (5) experiments in a real environment, and (6) development of the final concepts. To keep these concepts cost-effective, the suggested solutions are modular. Therefore, it will be possible to straightforwardly install the proposed devices in an existing home environment in a ‘plug and play' manner once the terminals can be prefabricated off-site. Results and Discussion: This article shows a variety of concepts that have been developed to support elderly people in their ADLs. The prototypes of the proposed concepts in this paper have been tested with elderly people. The results of the tests show that robots embedded in furniture, walls, ceiling, etc. offer enhanced support, properly addressing elderly as well as disabled people to individually and independently manage their ADLs. In order to make the concepts realizable in terms of cost, it will be necessary to standardize and modularize these concepts for industrial fabrication.