Wounded cells drive rapid epidermal repair in the early Drosophila embryo.
Wounded cells drive rapid epidermal repair in the early Drosophila embryo.
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DOI：
10.1091/mbc.e13-05-0228
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发表时间：
2013-10
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Zallen JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fernandez-Gonzalez R;Zallen JA
在早期果蝇胚胎中，伤口闭合是由受伤细胞的顶端收缩驱动的，这些细胞组装肌动球蛋白网络，当它们收缩时失去肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白。在晚期胚胎中，伤口闭合是由伤口周围的细胞介导的，这些细胞组装一个肌动球蛋白荷包，以恒定的肌动球蛋白水平收缩。上皮组织是保护屏障，显示出修复伤口的显著能力。伤口修复通常与伤口周围肌动蛋白和非肌肉肌球蛋白II的积累有关，形成荷包缝合。肌动球蛋白网络在创伤修复过程中产生机械力的作用还不清楚。在这里，我们调查的机制，在早期和晚期果蝇胚胎的表皮伤口修复过程中的力的产生。我们发现早期胚胎的伤口闭合速度更快，除了伤口周围的荷包，受伤细胞内侧皮质的肌动球蛋白网络有助于快速伤口修复。激光消融表明，内侧和荷包肌球蛋白网络产生收缩力。定量分析伤口闭合过程中的蛋白质定位动力学表明，在早期胚胎的伤口修复过程中，内侧肌动球蛋白结构的快速收缩涉及肌动球蛋白网络的解体。相比之下，后期胚胎中的肌动球蛋白荷包收缩更慢，其机制涉及网络凝聚。我们提出，两个力产生结构的联合行动-内侧肌动球蛋白网络和肌动球蛋白钱包字符串-有助于提高早期胚胎伤口修复的效率。
In early Drosophila embryos, wound closure is driven by the apical constriction of the wounded cells, which assemble actomyosin networks that lose actin and myosin as they contract. In late embryos, wound closure is mediated by the cells around the wound, which assemble an actomyosin purse string that contracts with constant actomyosin levels. Epithelial tissues are protective barriers that display a remarkable ability to repair wounds. Wound repair is often associated with an accumulation of actin and nonmuscle myosin II around the wound, forming a purse string. The role of actomyosin networks in generating mechanical force during wound repair is not well understood. Here we investigate the mechanisms of force generation during wound repair in the epidermis of early and late Drosophila embryos. We find that wound closure is faster in early embryos, where, in addition to a purse string around the wound, actomyosin networks at the medial cortex of the wounded cells contribute to rapid wound repair. Laser ablation demonstrates that both medial and purse-string actomyosin networks generate contractile force. Quantitative analysis of protein localization dynamics during wound closure indicates that the rapid contraction of medial actomyosin structures during wound repair in early embryos involves disassembly of the actomyosin network. By contrast, actomyosin purse strings in late embryos contract more slowly in a mechanism that involves network condensation. We propose that the combined action of two force-generating structures—a medial actomyosin network and an actomyosin purse string—contributes to the increased efficiency of wound repair in the early embryo.