Cytosine methylation of the FWA promoter promotes direct in vitro shoot regeneration in Arabidopsis thaliana
Cytosine methylation of the FWA promoter promotes direct in vitro shoot regeneration in Arabidopsis thaliana
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FWA启动子的胞嘧啶甲基化促进拟南芥体外芽的直接再生
DOI：
10.1111/jipb.13156
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Xiang Fengning
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dai Xuehuan;Wang Jing;Song Yuguang;Liu Zhenhua;Xue Tao;Qiao Meng;Yu Yanchong;Xin Wei;Xiang Fengning
启动子序列中的表观遗传修饰可以作为基因表达的调节。不定芽的再生同时受到DNA甲基化和组蛋白甲基化的影响，但这种调控的机制基础尚不清楚。在此，我们鉴定了218个与愈伤组织再生能力相关的基因，这些基因在拟南芥可再生愈伤组织(RC)和不可再生愈伤组织(NRC)之间存在差异转录。对五个差异表达基因(FWA、ACC1、TFL1、MAX3和GRP3)的启动子的分析表明，胞嘧啶甲基化和转录之间存在相反的关系。FWA启动子去甲基化并在NRC中高表达，而FWA启动子甲基化在RC中低表达。与野生型相比，低甲基化突变体FWA-1和FWA-2的外植体表现出较强的FWA表达水平和较低的再生能力，这表明FWA直接抑制了试管苗的再生。WUSCHEL相关同源异型盒9(WOX9)是茎顶端分生组织形成所必需的，它被FWA直接抑制。过量表达WOX9部分挽救了FWA-2植株的不定芽再生缺陷。这些发现表明，FWA启动子的胞嘧啶甲基化形成了调控愈伤组织再生能力和指导试管苗再生的调控系统的一部分。
Epigenetic modifications within promoter sequences can act as regulators of gene expression. Shoot regeneration is influenced by both DNA methylation and histone methylation, but the mechanistic basis of this regulation is obscure. Here, we identified 218 genes related to the regeneration capacity of callus that were differentially transcribed between regenerable calli (RC) and nonregenerable calli (NRC) in Arabidopsis thaliana. An analysis of the promoters of five of the differentially expressed genes (FWA, ACC1, TFL1, MAX3, and GRP3) pointed to an inverse relationship between cytosine methylation and transcription. The FWA promoter was demethylated and highly expressed in NRC, whereas it was methylated and expressed at low levels in RC. Explants of the hypomethylation mutants fwa-1 and fwa-2 showed strong levels of FWA expression and regenerated less readily than the wild type, suggesting that FWA inhibits direct in vitro shoot regeneration. WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 9 (WOX9), which is required for shoot apical meristem formation, was directly repressed by FWA. Overexpressing WOX9 partly rescued the shoot regeneration defect of fwa-2 plants. These findings suggest that cytosine methylation of the FWA promoter forms part of the regulatory system governing callus regenerability and direct in vitro shoot regeneration.