Tobacco and alcohol use among drug users receiving methadone maintenance treatment: a cross-sectional study in a rural prefecture of Yunnan Province, Southwest China.
Tobacco and alcohol use among drug users receiving methadone maintenance treatment: a cross-sectional study in a rural prefecture of Yunnan Province, Southwest China.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014643
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发表时间：
2017-03-30
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
He N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duan S;Jin Z;Liu X;Yang Y;Ye R;Tang R;Gao M;Ding Y;He N
评估接受美沙酮维持治疗（MMT）的患者曾经、目前和重度烟酒使用的流行程度及其相关性。横断面研究。该研究在中国德宏州的所有500家MMT诊所进行，研究人群中包括2121名（81.6%）符合条件的MMT参与者。使用有序逻辑回归估计or及其95% ci。曾经吸烟、目前吸烟和重度吸烟的总体患病率分别为98.6%、97.8%和66.3%；而以往、当前和危险饮酒的比例分别为86.6%、58.6%和16.6%。在感染艾滋病毒的参与者中，经历烟草和酒精对艾滋病的有害影响的比例分别为53.6%和72.5%，16.9%和49.3%在诊断为艾滋病毒后曾试图戒烟。在调整了潜在的混杂因素后，重度吸烟者和更危险的饮酒者更有可能是年龄较大、受教育程度较低的男性。少数民族不太可能大量吸烟，但更有可能从事有害饮酒。此外，危险饮酒与较长的MMT年限和HIV感染呈负相关。此外，重度吸烟（OR≥2=2.08,95% CI 1.16 ~ 3.73）和重度饮酒（OR≥2=2.46,95% CI 1.53 ~ 3.97）与多个性伴侣呈正相关，两者呈正相关。在中国的MMT参与者中，烟草和酒精消费的流行率非常高，这表明迫切需要提高MMT患者对烟草和酒精消费有害影响的认识，并实施全面的教育和有效的干预方案。
To estimate the prevalence of ever, current and heavy tobacco and alcohol use and their correlates among patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). Cross-sectional study. The study was conducted in all of the 5 MMT clinics in Dehong Prefecture, China. 2121 (81.6%) eligible MMT participants were included in the study population. Ordinal logistic regression was used to estimate the ORs and their 95% CIs. The overall prevalence of ever, current and heavy smoking was 98.6%, 97.8% and 66.3%, respectively; while that of ever, current and hazardous alcohol drinking was 86.6%, 58.6% and 16.6%, respectively. Among HIV-infected participants, the proportions of those experiencing harmful effects of tobacco and alcohol on AIDS were 53.6% and 72.5%, respectively, and 16.9% and 49.3% had ever tried to quit after diagnosis with HIV. After adjusting for potential confounders, heavier smokers and more hazardous drinkers were more likely to be men, older and less educated. Ethnic minorities were less likely to heavily smoke, but more likely to engage in hazardous drinking. In addition, hazardous drinking was negatively associated with longer years of MMT and HIV infection. Moreover, heavier smoking (OR≥2=2.08, 95% CI 1.16 to 3.73) and more hazardous drinking (OR≥2=2.46, 95% CI 1.53 to 3.97) were positively associated with having multiple sexual partners, and both were positively associated with each other. The prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption was extraordinarily high among MMT participants in China, suggesting the urgent need of enhancing MMT patients' awareness of the harmful effects of tobacco and alcohol consumption and implementing comprehensive education and effective intervention programmes.