Association of melanin pigmentation in the gingiva of children with parents who smoke
Association of melanin pigmentation in the gingiva of children with parents who smoke
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.2004-2628
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Yuuki, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hanioka, T;Tanaka, K;Yuuki, K
目标。牙龈色素沉着和主动吸烟之间的联系已经确立。本研究首次探讨了儿童牙龈色素沉着与被动吸烟之间的关系。本研究采用病例对照研究方法，从日本某农村城镇牙科诊所的病例记录中选取59名不吸烟儿童。受试者的数量是根据功率计算得出的。两名校准的检查人员通过口腔照片独立观察唇龈。一项采访确定，61%的儿童父母中至少有一人吸烟。71% - 78%的儿童有牙龈色素沉着。审查员之间的一致性令人满意（kappa = 0.73）。有牙龈色素沉着的儿童吸烟父母的比例（70-71%）高于没有牙龈色素沉着的儿童（35%）。经年龄和性别调整后的父母吸烟比值比为5.6（95%可信区间为1.5 ~ 20.0）和5.4（95%可信区间为1.4 ~ 21.2）。这些发现表明，儿童牙龈色素沉着过多与被动吸烟有关。可见的儿童牙龈色素沉着现象对家长的教育有一定的参考价值。
Objective. The association between gingival pigmentation and active smoking has been established. This investigation is the first to address the relationship between gingival pigmentation in children and passive smoking.Methods. A case-control study was performed involving 59 nonsmoking children who were selected from patient records of a dental clinic in a rural town in Japan. The number of subjects was based on a power calculation. Two calibrated examiners independently observed labial gingiva via oral photographs.Results. An interview determined that 61% of children had at least 1 smoking parent. Gingival pigmentation was observed in 71% to 78% of children. Interexaminer agreement was satisfactory (kappa = 0.73). Percentage of smoking parents was higher in children with gingival pigmentation (70-71%) than in those who lacked pigmentation (35%). Odds ratios of parental smoking adjusted by age and gender were 5.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.5-20.0) and 5.4 (1.4-21.2) for the 2 examiners.Conclusion. These findings suggest that excessive pigmentation in the gingiva of children is associated with passive smoking. The visible pigmentation effect in gingiva of children could be useful in terms of parental education.