Major Advances in Brain Glycogen Research: Understanding of the Roles of Glycogen Have Evolved from Emergency Fuel Reserve to Dynamic, Regulated Participant in Diverse Brain Functions
Major Advances in Brain Glycogen Research: Understanding of the Roles of Glycogen Have Evolved from Emergency Fuel Reserve to Dynamic, Regulated Participant in Diverse Brain Functions
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-27480-1_1
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Carlson, Gerald M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dienel, Gerald A.;Carlson, Gerald M.
脑糖原是一种非常难研究的物质，因为它对生理状态和死后自溶非常不稳定，并且糖原降解酶被代谢产物和信号分子迅速激活。糖原主要位于成年脑中的星形胶质细胞内，并且神经元中的糖原代谢异常具有致命的后果。糖原在亚细胞区室中的不同分布表明了局部调节和不同的功能作用，最近的研究揭示了糖原在正常脑功能和Lafora病中的重要作用。这个简要的概述强调了一些主要的进展，阐明糖原的作用，星形胶质细胞的功能和神经传递和严重后果的异常神经元糖原代谢。
Brain glycogen is extremely difficult to study because it is very labile to physiological status and postmortem autolysis, and glycogen degradative enzymes are rapidly activated by metabolites and signaling molecules. Glycogen is predominantly located within astrocytes in adult brain, and abnormal glycogen metabolism in neurons has lethal consequences. Diverse distribution of glycogen among subcellular compartments suggests local regulation and different functional roles, and recent studies have revealed critically important roles for glycogen in normal brain function and Lafora disease. This brief overview highlights some of the major advances in elucidation of glycogen's roles in astrocytic functions and neurotransmission and the severe consequences of aberrant neuronal glycogen metabolism.