Stroop performance in healthy younger and older adults and in individuals with dementia of the Alzheimer's type.
Stroop performance in healthy younger and older adults and in individuals with dementia of the Alzheimer's type.
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DOI：
10.1037//0096-1523.22.2.461
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发表时间：
1996-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Daniel H. Spieler;D. Balota;M. Faust
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daniel H. Spieler;D. Balota;M. Faust
Stroop任务的组成部分是为了研究抑制过程在健康老年人和阿尔茨海默氏症（DAT）痴呆症患者的认知变化中所起的作用。抑制性分解应导致Stroop干扰增加。结果表明，与年轻人相比，老年人受到的干扰增加得不成比例。DAT个体表现出与老年人成比例的干扰，但对一致颜色-单词试验的促进作用不成比例地增加，对不一致颜色命名试验的单词命名干扰增加。响应时间分布的前高斯分析表明，在老年人中观察到的干扰增加是由于分布尾部的增加。应用Stroop任务的过程解离分析（D.S. Lindsay & L.L. Jacoby, 1994）表明，老年人的文字过程估计增加，而DAT个体在颜色和文字过程估计上都表现出差异。综上所述，结果与正常衰老的抑制性分解和DAT个体的抑制性加速分解一致。
Components of the Stroop task were examined to investigate the role that inhibitory processes play in cognitive changes in healthy older adults and in individuals with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT). Inhibitory breakdowns should result in an increase in Stroop interference. The results indicate that older adults show a disproportionate increase in interference compared with younger adults. DAT individuals show interference proportionate to older adults but a disproportionate increase in facilitation for congruent color-word trials, and an increased intrusion of word naming on incongruent color naming trials. An ex-Gaussian analysis of response time distributions indicated that the increased interference observed in older adults was due to an increase in the tail of the distribution. Application of the process dissociation analysis of the Stroop task (D.S. Lindsay & L.L. Jacoby, 1994) indicated that older adults showed increased word process estimates, whereas DAT individuals showed differences in both color and word process estimates. Taken together, the results are consistent with an inhibitory breakdown in normal aging and an accelerated breakdown in inhibition in DAT individuals.