Population-based norms for the Mini-Mental State Examination by age and educational level.
Population-based norms for the Mini-Mental State Examination by age and educational level.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1001/jama.1993.03500180078038
复制
发表时间：
1993-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Crum;J. Anthony;S. Bassett;M. Folstein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Crum;J. Anthony;S. Bassett;M. Folstein
目的 报告按年龄和教育水平划分的简易精神状态检查 (MMSE) 分数的分布情况。设计 1980 年至 1984 年间进行的国家心理健康研究所流行病学区域计划调查。 设置 康涅狄格州纽黑文市的社区人口；马里兰州巴尔的摩；密苏里州圣路易斯；北卡罗来纳州达勒姆；参与者 通过概率抽样在人口普查区和家庭中选出总共 18,056 名成人参与者。主要结果指标 MMSE 的总分以特定于年龄和教育水平的平均值、中位数和百分位分布的形式给出。结果 MMSE 分数与年龄和教育水平相关。 MMSE 分数与年龄呈负相关，18 至 24 岁人群的中位数为 29，80 岁及以上人群的中位数为 25。受教育年限至少为 9 年的个人的 MMSE 中位数得分为 29，受教育年限为 5 至 8 年的个人为 26，受教育年限为 0 至 4 年的个人为 22。结论 MMSE 测量的认知表现在人群中因年龄和教育程度而异。这种变化的原因尚未确定。简易精神状态检查分数应用于识别当前的认知困难，而不是做出正式诊断。对于希望将个体患者的 MMSE 评分与人群参考组进行比较的临床医生以及为认知状态是感兴趣变量的新研究制定计划的研究人员来说，所提供的结果应该证明是有用的。
OBJECTIVE To report the distribution of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores by age and educational level. DESIGN National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program surveys conducted between 1980 and 1984. SETTING Community populations in New Haven, Conn; Baltimore, Md; St Louis, Mo; Durham, NC; and Los Angeles, Calif. PARTICIPANTS A total of 18,056 adult participants selected by probability sampling within census tracts and households. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Summary scores for the MMSE are given in the form of mean, median, and percentile distributions specific for age and educational level. RESULTS The MMSE scores were related to both age and educational level. There was an inverse relationship between MMSE scores and age, ranging from a median of 29 for those 18 to 24 years of age, to 25 for individuals 80 years of age and older. The median MMSE score was 29 for individuals with at least 9 years of schooling, 26 for those with 5 to 8 years of schooling, and 22 for those with 0 to 4 years of schooling. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive performance as measured by the MMSE varies within the population by age and education. The cause of this variation has yet to be determined. Mini-Mental State Examination scores should be used to identify current cognitive difficulties and not to make formal diagnoses. The results presented should prove to be useful to clinicians who wish to compare an individual patient's MMSE scores with a population reference group and to researchers making plans for new studies in which cognitive status is a variable of interest.