Measurement of Women's Agency in Egypt: A National Validation Study.
Measurement of Women's Agency in Egypt: A National Validation Study.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11205-015-1074-7
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Cheong YF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yount KM;VanderEnde KE;Dodell S;Cheong YF
尽管关于阿拉伯中东地区妇女的权力和代理的普遍假设，这些构念的心理测量学研究是有限的。本文利用2006年埃及劳动力市场面板调查中6214名16-49岁已婚女性的数据，运用因子分析对女性中介的因素结构进行探讨和检验。然后，我们使用多指标多原因结构方程模型来检验女性初婚年龄对差异项目功能（DIF）的影响，这是女性代理的潜在资源。我们的研究结果证实，埃及妇女的代理是多维的，包括她们(1)对家庭决策的影响，包括保留给男性的决定，(2)在公共场所的行动自由，以及(3)对性别的态度，特别是对妻子的暴力行为。这些方面证实了以前在埃及和南亚选定农村地区探索的那些方面。然而，有三个项目显示了女性初婚年龄的显著统一的DIF，有和没有女性年龄的控制。调整了DIF和女性年龄（以年为单位）的模型表明，女性初婚年龄越大，与家庭决策和性别暴力态度的因素手段呈正相关，但与行动自由无关。我们的研究结果揭示了我们的分析策略对研究妇女能动性的维度和决定因素的价值。我们的方法提供了一个有前景的模型，可以为加强妇女赋权的社会政策和项目辨别“证据等级”。
Despite widespread assumptions about women’s empowerment and agency in the Arab Middle East, psychometric research of these constructs is limited. Using national data from 6214 married women ages 16–49 who took part in the 2006 Egypt Labor Market Panel Survey, we applied factor analysis to explore and then to test the factor structure of women’s agency. We then used multiple indicator multiple cause structural equations models to test for differential item functioning (DIF) by women’s age at first marriage, a potential resource for women’s agency. Our results confirm that women’s agency in Egypt is multi-dimensional and comprised of their (1) influence in family decisions, including those reserved for men, (2) freedom of movement in public spaces, and (3) attitudes about gender, specifically violence against wives. These dimensions confirm those explored previously in selected rural areas of Egypt and South Asia. Yet, three items showed significant uniform DIF by women’s categorical age at first marriage, with and without a control for women’s age in years. Models adjusting for DIF and women’s age in years showed that women’s older age at first marriage was positively associated with the factor means for family decision-making and gender-violence attitudes, but not freedom of movement. Our findings reveal the value of our analytical strategy for research on the dimensions and determinants of women’s agency. Our approach offers a promising model to discern “hierarchies of evidence” for social policies and programs to enhance women’s empowerment.
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1.5
作者：
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