Coastal vulnerability assessment of India's Purba Medinipur-Balasore coastal stretch: A comparative study using empirical models
Coastal vulnerability assessment of India's Purba Medinipur-Balasore coastal stretch: A comparative study using empirical models
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印度普尔巴梅迪尼普尔-巴拉索尔海岸线的海岸脆弱性评估：使用经验模型的比较研究
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103065
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Ayad M. Fadhil Al
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
SK Ariful Hossain;I. Mondal;S. Thakur;Ayad M. Fadhil Al
对从印度 Subarnarekha 河口（奥里萨邦巴拉索尔区）延伸至哈尔迪河河口（西孟加拉邦普尔巴梅迪尼普尔）的 90.20 公里海岸线进行了评估。该评估针对极端气候和变化（例如热带气旋、风暴潮和海平面上升）的脆弱性，导致海岸侵蚀、洪水、盐碱化以及生物物理和社会经济影响的增加。针对沿海灾害的沿海脆弱性测绘被用来确定和实施减少风险的政策。为了了解该海岸带物理脆弱性的空间分布，应用了采用戈尔尼茨 CVI 模型的海岸脆弱性指数（CVI）和层次分析法（AHP）方法。这些模型在 ArcGIS 版本中运行。 10.5 使用六个地质参数，即海拔、坡度、测深、沿海地貌、海岸线变化和沿海土地利用以及四个物理过程变量，即。平均海平面 (MSL)、平均潮差、有效波高和风暴潮高度。两种模型都产生了非常好的结果。根据Gornitz的CVI模型，发现13.56%的海岸线对这些灾害高度脆弱，而AHP模型表明11.29%的海岸线高度脆弱。当两个模型模拟两种不同波高风暴潮情景的相同可能淹没范围时，即。 ≤ 3 m 和≤ 5 m 时，预计受潮影响的面积分别为 255.22 和 779.59 平方公里。 Nandigram-I、Contai-I、Deshopran 和 Bhograi 沿海区块被认为由于陆地侵蚀和洪水而高度脆弱。研究推断，气旋活动和风暴潮以及涨潮的综合影响使海岸极易受到影响。这项研究可以帮助沿海规划者、决策者和管理者制定长期沿海保护和管理的风险管理计划。
The 90.20 km coastal stretch extending from India's Subarnarekha estuary (Balasore District, Odisha) to the mouth of the Haldi River (Purba Medinipur, West Bengal) was evaluated. The evaluation was for vulnerability to climate extremes and variabilities (e.g. tropical cyclones, storm surges, and eustatic sea-level rise) resulting in coastal erosion, inundation, salinization and increased biophysical and socio-economic impacts. Coastal vulnerability mapping with respect to coastal hazards was applied to identify and implement risk reduction policies. In order to understand the spatial distribution of physical vulnerability along this coastal stretch, the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) using Gornitz's CVI model and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method were applied. These models were run in ArcGIS ver. 10.5 using six geological parameters viz., elevation, slope, bathymetry, coastal geomorphology, shoreline change, and coastal land use and four physical process variables viz. Mean sea level (MSL), mean tidal range, significant wave height, and storm surge height. Both of the models produced very good results. Based on Gornitz's CVI model, it was found that 13.56% of the coastline is highly vulnerable to these hazards, while the AHP model indicated 11.29% of the coast was at high vulnerability. When both models were simulated the same probable inundation extent of two different storm surge scenarios of wave height, viz. ≤ 3 m and≤5 m, the areas estimated to be affected by the surge were 255.22 and 779.59 sq. km, respectively. The coastal blocks of Nandigram-I, Contai-I, Deshopran, and Bhograi were identified as highly vulnerable due to landward erosion and inundation. The study inferred that the combined effect of cyclonic activities and storm surge along with high tide made the coast highly susceptible. This study could help coastal planners, decision-makers, and administrators to prepare a risk management plan for long-term coastal conservation and management.