Shared and Specific Lung Microbiota with Metabolic Profiles in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Between Infectious and Inflammatory Respiratory Diseases.
Shared and Specific Lung Microbiota with Metabolic Profiles in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Between Infectious and Inflammatory Respiratory Diseases.
复制标题
传染性和炎症性呼吸系统疾病的支气管肺泡灌洗液中共有和特定的肺微生物群及其代谢特征
DOI：
10.2147/jir.s342462
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Gao Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He Y;Yu W;Ning P;Luo Q;Zhao L;Xie Y;Yu Y;Ma X;Chen L;Zheng Y;Gao Z
背景下呼吸道微环境的浸润与呼吸系统疾病密切相关。然而，感染性和炎症性呼吸道疾病中LRT微生物组和代谢组的改变及其与炎症的相关性仍需要探索。方法收集44例社区获得性肺炎（CAP）患者、29例结缔组织病相关间质性疾病（CTD-ILD）患者和30例健康志愿者的支气管肺泡灌洗液标本，采用16 S rRNA基因测序和非靶向高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术检测其菌群和代谢产物。结果LRT的微生物群落组成和代谢产物在不同疾病状态下存在差异。CAP患者表现出显著低丰度，两种疾病都表现出拟杆菌门某些属的耗竭，包括普雷沃氏菌属、卟啉单胞菌属和健康相关代谢物，如鞘氨醇（d16：1），这些代谢物与感染指标呈负相关。相反，芽孢杆菌和支原体都在疾病组中富集。CTD-ILD中链球菌特异性增加。此外，共同升高的代谢产物如FA（22：4）和维生素A酸代表疾病中的缺氧和炎症。在CAP患者中观察到氨基酸和琥珀酸水平显著升高以及衣康酸水平降低，而CTD-ILD患者仅显示少数特定代谢改变。与微生物脂质和氨基酸代谢相关的功能发生了显着改变，表明微生物代谢可能做出了贡献。双组学分析显示微生物组和代谢组之间存在中度正相关。L-异亮氨酸、L-精氨酸与链球菌呈负相关，衣康酸与链球菌呈正相关。结论CAP和CTD-ILD患者在LRT微环境中存在共同的特异性改变，并与炎症和免疫反应相关，这可能为进一步研究CAP和CTD-ILD的发病机制、提高诊断水平和治疗方法提供新的方向。
Background Infiltration of the lower respiratory tract (LRT) microenvironment could be significantly associated with respiratory diseases. However, alterations in the LRT microbiome and metabolome in infectious and inflammatory respiratory diseases and their correlation with inflammation still need to be explored. Methods Bronchoalveolar lavage samples from 44 community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients, 29 connective tissue disease-associated interstitial disease (CTD-ILD) patients, and 30 healthy volunteers were used to detect microbiota and metabolites through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Results The composition of the LRT microbial communities and metabolites differed in disease states. CAP patients showed a significantly low abundance and both diseases presented a depletion of some genera of the phylum Bacteroidetes, including Prevotella, Porphyromonas, and health-associated metabolites, such as sphingosine (d16:1), which were negatively correlated with infectious indicators. In contrast, Bacillus and Mycoplasma were both enriched in the disease groups. Streptococcus was specifically increased in CTD-ILD. In addition, co-elevated metabolites such as FA (22:4) and pyruvic acid represented hypoxia and inflammation in the diseases. Significantly increased levels of amino acids and succinate, as well as decreased itaconic acid levels, were observed in CAP patients, whereas CTD-ILD patients showed only a handful of specific metabolic alterations. Functions related to microbial lipid and amino acid metabolism were significantly altered, indicating the possible contributions of microbial metabolism. Dual omics analysis showed a moderate positive correlation between the microbiome and metabolome. The levels of L-isoleucine and L-arginine were negatively correlated with Streptococcus, and itaconic acid positively correlated with Streptococcus. Conclusion In the LRT microenvironment, shared and specific alterations occurred in CAP and CTD-ILD patients, which were associated with inflammatory and immune reactions, which may provide a new direction for future studies aiming to elucidate the mechanism, improve the diagnosis, and develop therapies for different respiratory diseases.