Dynamic regulation of neurotransmitter specification: relevance to nervous system homeostasis.

Dynamic regulation of neurotransmitter specification: relevance to nervous system homeostasis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.12.005
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发表时间:
2014-03
期刊:
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Sequerra EB
Sequerra EB
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Borodinsky LN;Belgacem YH;Swapna I;Sequerra EB

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在神经系统发育过程中,神经递质身份的变化和多种神经递质的共表达是发育神经元的一个相当普遍的特征。在成熟的神经系统中,不同的生理和病理环境会重现这种现象。神经递质重新指定的规则是多种多样的。其中,确保平衡的兴奋性的目标出现作为一个重要的驱动力的神经递质表型表达的修改。神经递质身份的这些动态修改的功能后果跨越了不同的范围,从微调发育中的神经回路到成瘾和运动行为的修改。目前的挑战包括确定神经递质表型重新指定的机制,以及它们如何与神经元专业化的遗传程序相交。
During nervous system development the neurotransmitter identity changes and coexpression of several neurotransmitters is a rather generalized feature of developing neurons. In the mature nervous system, different physiological and pathological circumstances recreate this phenomenon. The rules of neurotransmitter respecification are multiple. Among them, the goal of assuring balanced excitability appears as an important driving force for the modifications in neurotransmitter phenotype expression. The functional consequences of these dynamic revisions in neurotransmitter identity span a varied range, from fine-tuning the developing neural circuit to modifications in addictive and locomotor behaviors. Current challenges include determining the mechanisms underlying neurotransmitter phenotype respecification and how they intersect with genetic programs of neuronal specialization.
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