Materials Origins of Decoherence in Superconducting Qubits
Materials Origins of Decoherence in Superconducting Qubits
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DOI：
10.1109/tasc.2008.2012255
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
McDermott, Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McDermott, Robert
超导集成电路结合约瑟夫森结是一个有吸引力的候选人，可扩展的量子信息处理在固态。约瑟夫森效应的强非线性使得人们能够定制非谐势，从而从宏观超导电路实现人工量子二能级系统（“量子比特”）。约瑟夫森量子比特可以被制造成强烈且可控的相互作用，并且使用标准薄膜处理技术制造包含数百甚至数千个约瑟夫森量子比特的电路应该是简单的。过去几年的工作表明，量子比特的性能受到量子比特与用于实现电路的材料中的微观缺陷态的虚假耦合的限制。在这里，我们讨论了超导量子比特的耗散和退相的材料来源。对超导量子电路中控制退相干的基本材料物理学的更深入理解将指导对改进的低噪声材料的研究，并推动超导量子计算领域的持续进展。
Superconducting integrated circuits incorporating Josephson junctions are an attractive candidate for scalable quantum information processing in the solid state. The strong nonlinearity of the Josephson effect enables one to tailor an anharmonic potential and thus to realize an artificial quantum two-level system ("qubit") from a macroscopic superconducting circuit. Josephson qubits can be made to interact strongly and controllably, and it should be straightforward to fabricate circuits incorporating hundreds or even thousands of Josephson qubits using standard thin-film processing techniques. Work over the last several years has shown that qubit performance is limited by spurious coupling of the qubit to microscopic defect states in the materials that are used to implement the circuit. Here we discuss the materials origins of dissipation and dephasing in superconducting qubits. A deeper understanding of the underlying materials physics that governs decoherence in superconducting quantum circuits will guide the search for improved, low-noise materials and fuel continued progress in the field of superconducting quantum computing.