The primate basal ganglia: parallel and integrative networks
The primate basal ganglia: parallel and integrative networks
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jchemneu.2003.10.003
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Haber, SN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haber, SN
基底神经节和额叶皮层共同运作，以执行目标导向的行为。这不仅需要运动计划的执行，还需要导致这种执行的行为，包括驱动行为的情感和动机，组织和计划一般策略的认知，运动计划，最后是计划的执行。调节这些行为的额叶皮层的组成部分反映在额叶皮层区域之间的组织、生理和连接以及它们通过基底神经节回路的投射中。这包括一系列平行的路径。然而，这个模型并没有解决信息如何在电路之间流动，从而从情感，认知和运动皮层区域的输入组合中开发新的学习行为（或动作）。最近从灵长类动物的解剖学证据表明，基底神经节通路内的神经网络是在一个位置，跨功能电路移动信息。两个网络是：纹状体-黑质-纹状体网络和丘脑-皮质-丘脑网络。在这些连接结构的每一个集合中，既有连接与类似功能相关的区域的相互连接，也有连接与不同皮质基底神经节回路相关的区域的非相互连接。信息的每个组成部分（从边缘系统到运动结果）都发送反馈连接，也发送前馈连接，允许信息的传递。信息从边缘系统传递到认知系统，再传递到运动回路。因此，行为决策过程受到动机和认知输入的影响，使动物能够对环境线索做出适当的反应。(C)2003 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
The basal ganglia and frontal cortex operate together to execute goal directed behaviors. This requires not only the execution of motor plans, but also the behaviors that lead to this execution, including emotions and motivation that drive behaviors, cognition that organizes and plans the general strategy, motor planning, and finally, the execution of that plan. The components of the frontal cortex that mediate these behaviors, are reflected in the organization, physiology, and connections between areas of frontal cortex and in their projections through basal ganglia circuits. This comprises a series of parallel pathways. However, this model does not address how information flows between circuits thereby developing new learned behaviors (or actions) from a combination of inputs from emotional, cognitive, and motor cortical areas. Recent anatomical evidence from primates demonstrates that the neuro-networks within basal ganglia pathways are in a position to move information across functional circuits. Two networks are: the striato-nigral-striatal network and the thalamo-cortical-thalamic network. Within each of these sets of connected structures, there are both reciprocal connections linking up regions associated with similar functions and non-reciprocal connections linking up regions that are associated with different cortical basal ganglia circuits. Each component of information (from limbic to motor outcome) sends both feedback connection, and also a feedforward connection, allowing the transfer of information. Information is channeled from limbic, to cognitive, to motor circuits. Action decision-making processes are thus influenced by motivation and cognitive inputs, allowing the animal to respond appropriate to environmental cues. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.