Large Binocular Telescope Search for Companions and Substructures in the (Pre)transitional Disk of AB Aurigae
Large Binocular Telescope Search for Companions and Substructures in the (Pre)transitional Disk of AB Aurigae
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/ac4be4
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发表时间：
2022-01
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通讯作者：
S. Jorquera;M. Bonnefoy;S. Betti;G. Chauvin;E. Buenzli;L. P'erez;K. Follette;P. Hinz;A. Boccale
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作者：
S. Jorquera;M. Bonnefoy;S. Betti;G. Chauvin;E. Buenzli;L. P'erez;K. Follette;P. Hinz;A. Boccale
原行星盘的多波长高分辨率成像揭示了其尘埃和气体成分中存在多种不同的亚结构，这可能是年轻的、正在形成的行星系统的路标。 AB Aurigae拥有一个标志性的（前）过渡圆盘，显示在亚毫米（阿塔卡马大型毫米/亚毫米阵列（ALMA）；1.3毫米，12CO）和近红外（光谱偏振高对比度系外行星研究；1.5–2.5微米）波长的圆盘内腔中观察到的螺旋结构，据称这些结构是由与大质量伴星的动态相互作用产生的。在这项工作中，我们展示了使用大型双筒望远镜上的 L/M 波段红外相机获得的 AB Aurigae 的新深 K s (2.16 μm) 和 L' (3.7 μm) 波段图像，旨在探测行星伴星和扩展盘结构。没有恢复到点源，特别是在圆盘的外部区域，先前已声明了假定的候选点（ρ = 0.″681，PA = 7.°6）。新数据无法研究第二个最内行星候选者（ρ = 0.″16，PA = 203.°9）的性质。根据 ATMO 2020 进化模型，我们能够得出系统在星等和质量方面的 5σ 检测限，从 0.″3 (49 au) 处的 14 M Jup 下降到 0.″6 (98 au) 处的 3–4 M Jup 及以上。我们检测到在 CO 和偏振 H 波段观测中解析的内部螺旋结构 (<0.″5)。我们还以较大的间距（0.”5–0.”7）恢复了系统的环结构，显示出明显的东南/西北不对称性。这种结构是在 L' 波段首次观察到的，它仍然存在于 ALMA 中看到的尘埃腔内部，表明盘中存在有效的尘埃捕获机制。
Multiwavelength high-resolution imaging of protoplanetary disks has revealed the presence of multiple, varied substructures in their dust and gas components, which might be signposts of young, forming planetary systems. AB Aurigae bears an emblematic (pre)transitional disk showing spiral structures observed in the inner cavity of the disk in both the submillimeter (Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA); 1.3 mm, 12CO) and near-infrared (Spectro-polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet Research; 1.5–2.5 μm) wavelengths, which have been claimed to arise from dynamical interactions with a massive companion. In this work, we present new deep K s (2.16 μm) and L′ (3.7 μm) band images of AB Aurigae obtained with the L/M-band Infrared Camera on the Large Binocular Telescope, aimed for the detection of both planetary companions and extended disk structures. No point source is recovered, in particular at the outer regions of the disk, where a putative candidate (ρ = 0.″681, PA = 7.°6) had been previously claimed. The nature of a second innermost planet candidate (ρ = 0.″16, PA = 203.°9) cannot be investigated by the new data. We are able to derive 5σ detection limits in both magnitude and mass for the system, going from 14 M Jup at 0.″3 (49 au) down to 3–4 M Jup at 0.″6 (98 au) and beyond, based on the ATMO 2020 evolutionary models. We detect the inner spiral structures (<0.″5) resolved in both CO and polarimetric H-band observations. We also recover the ring structure of the system at larger separation (0.″5–0.″7) showing a clear southeast/northwest asymmetry. This structure, observed for the first time at L′ band, remains interior to the dust cavity seen at ALMA, suggesting an efficient dust trapping mechanism at play in the disk.