The influence of training status, age, and muscle fiber type on cycling efficiency and endurance performance
The influence of training status, age, and muscle fiber type on cycling efficiency and endurance performance
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DOI：
10.1152/japplphysiol.00361.2013
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Passfield, Louis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hopker, James G.;Coleman, Damian A.;Passfield, Louis
本研究的目的是评估年龄、训练状态和肌纤维类型分布对循环效率的影响。40名男子被招募到四组：年轻和年老的训练有素的自行车手，年轻和年老的未经训练的人。所有参与者都完成了增量斜坡测试，以测量他们的峰值O-2摄取，最大心率和最大分钟功率输出；在一系列绝对和相对功率下循环总效率（GE）的次极大测试；并且，只对训练有素的参与者进行1小时自行车计时赛。最后，所有参与者都接受了右股外侧肌的肌肉活检。在相对工作速率下，一般线性模型发现年龄和训练状态对GE有显著的主效应（P < 0.01）。I型肌纤维百分比在训练组中较高（P < 0.01），年龄组间差异无统计学意义。在任何工作速率或节奏组合下，纤维类型与循环效率之间没有关系。逐步多元回归表明，肌纤维类型对循环性能无显著影响（P < 0.05）。1小时性能试验中的功率输出由平均氧气摄取和GE预测，标准化β系数分别为0.94和0.34，尽管一些数学耦合是明显的。这些数据表明肌纤维类型不影响循环效率，也不受老化过程的影响。循环效率和I型肌纤维的百分比受到训练状态的影响，但只有120转/分钟的GE才能预测循环性能。
The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of age, training status, and muscle fiber-type distribution on cycling efficiency. Forty men were recruited into one of four groups: young and old trained cyclists, and young and old untrained individuals. All participants completed an incremental ramp test to measure their peak O-2 uptake, maximal heart rate, and maximal minute power output; a submaximal test of cycling gross efficiency (GE) at a series of absolute and relative work rates; and, in trained participants only, a 1-h cycling time trial. Finally, all participants underwent a muscle biopsy of their right vastus lateralis muscle. At relative work rates, a general linear model found significant main effects of age and training status on GE (P < 0.01). The percentage of type I muscle fibers was higher in the trained groups (P < 0.01), with no difference between age groups. There was no relationship between fiber type and cycling efficiency at any work rate or cadence combination. Stepwise multiple regression indicated that muscle fiber type did not influence cycling performance (P > 0.05). Power output in the 1-h performance trial was predicted by average O2 uptake and GE, with standardized beta-coefficients of 0.94 and 0.34, respectively, although some mathematical coupling is evident. These data demonstrate that muscle fiber type does not affect cycling efficiency and was not influenced by the aging process. Cycling efficiency and the percentage of type I muscle fibers were influenced by training status, but only GE at 120 revolutions/min was seen to predict cycling performance.