The ontogeny of cranial sexual dimorphism in two old world monkeys:Macaca fascicularis (Cercopithecinae) andNasalis larvatus (Colobinae)
The ontogeny of cranial sexual dimorphism in two old world monkeys:Macaca fascicularis (Cercopithecinae) andNasalis larvatus (Colobinae)
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两种旧世界猴：食蟹猴（Cercopithecinae）和鼻猴（Colobinae）颅骨性别二态性的个体发育
DOI：
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发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
M. Ravosa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Ravosa
异速生长和异时性的研究方法对我们理解灵长类头骨和齿系的进化形态有很大贡献。然而，迄今为止，对性二型性的广泛研究仅在类人猿和少数长尾猴中进行。为了填补这一空白，头骨的代表性尺寸收集了个体发育系列的两个二形旧大陆猴：食蟹猴（猕猴亚科）和鼻猴larvatus（Colobinae）。颅骨性别二型的个体发生用最小二乘双变量回归、协方差分析（ANCOVA）和方差分析（ANOVA）进行评估。结果表明，在每个物种的性别通常表现出不显着差异ANCOVA的个体发育轨迹，除了双变量比较bicanine宽度。在食蟹猴中，常见牙龄的雄性和雌性之间的ANOVA显示，成年雄性（通常为亚成年雄性）显著大于雌性，即，两性异形通过时间和速率超形态发育而发展（雄性主要生长更长的时间段以及更快）。然而，在Nasalis larvatus中，常见牙龄的雄性和雌性之间的比较表明，只有成年雄性明显大于雌性，即，两性异形主要通过时间超形态（雄性生长更长的时间）发展。在这两个物种中，女性似乎表现出早期的生长突增在牙龄2，也就是说，许多颅骨措施的女性往往比男性更大。测量眶周区域（例如，browridge高度）、体重和bicanine宽度典型地表现出最高的性二态性比率。犬齿后排长度和颅神经体积（在Nasalis中较少）表现出非常低的二型性比率，这通常支持出生后系统性生长的断言。（以及相关的选择性压力）对面部发育产生更大的影响，但对神经、牙齿或眼眶发育没有影响（Cochard，1985，1987; Shea，1985 a，B，1986; Shea和Gomez，1988; Sheaet al.，1990年）。对物种间个体发育差异的额外考虑通常支持先前对猕猴中与激动性展示相关的颅骨形态亚家族差异的功能性解释（Ravosa，1990）。
Allometric and heterochronic approaches to sexual dimorphism have contributed much to our understanding of the evolutionary morphology of the primate skull and dentition. To date, however, extensive studies of sexual dimorphism have been carried out only on the great apes and a few cercopithecine monkeys. To fill this gap, representative dimensions of the skull were collected among ontogenetic series of two dimorphic Old World monkeys:Macaca fascicularis (Cercopithecinae) andNasalis larvatus (Colobinae). The ontogeny of cranial sexual dimorphism was evaluated with least-squares bivariate regression, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results indicate that within each species the sexes typically exhibit nonsignificant differences in ANCOVAs of ontogenetic trajectories, except for bivariate comparisons with bicanine breadth. AmongMacaca fascicularis, ANOVAs between males and females of common dental ages show that adult, and frequently subadult, males are significantly larger than females, i.e., sexual dimorphism develops via time and rate hypermorphosis (males primarily grow for a longer time period as well as faster). AmongNasalis larvatus, however, comparisons between males and females of common dental ages indicate that only adult males are significantly larger than females, i.e., sexual dimorphism develops primarily via time hypermorphosis (males grow for a longer time period). Within both species, females appear to exhibit an early growth spurt at dental age 2; that is, many cranial measures for females tend to be larger than those for males. Measures of the circumorbital region (e.g., browridge height), body weight, and bicanine breadth exhibit typically the highest sexual dimorphism ratios. The fact that postcanine toothrow length and neurocranial volume (less so inNasalis) demonstrate very low dimorphism ratios generally supports assertions that postnatal systemic growth (and associated selective pressures thereon) exerts a greater influence on facial, but not neural, dental, or orbital, development (Cochard, 1985, 1987; Shea, 1985a,b, 1986; Shea and Gomez, 1988; Sheaet al., 1990). Additional consideration of ontogenetic differences between species generally supports previous functional interpretations of subfamilial differences in cranial form related to agonistic displays in cercopithecine monkeys (Ravosa, 1990).
巨型转基因小鼠头骨和颅后的相对生长。
DOI：
10.1017/s0016672300028846
发表时间：
1990
期刊：
Genetical research
影响因子：
--
作者：
Shea,BT;Hammer,RE;Brinster,RL;Ravosa,MR
通讯作者：
Ravosa,MR
牙齿脱落和进化侏儒症：对侏儒人类异速生长的研究。
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Shea,BT;Gomez,AM
通讯作者：
Gomez,AM
灵长类动物环眼眶形态的机械和非机械模型的种间视角。
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Ravosa,MJ
通讯作者：
Ravosa,MJ