Detecting high-frequency gravitational waves with microwave cavities
Detecting high-frequency gravitational waves with microwave cavities
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用微波腔探测高频引力波
DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.105.116011
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
J. Schütte
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Berlin;D. Blas;R. D’Agnolo;S. Ellis;R. Harnik;Y. Kahn;J. Schütte
我们对谐振腔实验中引力波（GW）产生的电磁信号进行了详细的处理。我们的调查通过仔细考虑相关量的规范依赖性来纠正并建立在先前的研究之上。我们在实验室的首选框架（合适的探测器框架）中工作，并展示如何恢复短波长效应，以提供对任意波长的引力波精确的分析结果。这种形式主义使我们能够坚定地证明，与之前的主张相反，为检测轴子暗物质而设计的腔实验只需要重新分析现有数据即可寻找应变小至 $h\sim 10^{-22}-10^{-21}$ 的高频引力波。我们还认为，原则上使用多腔模式的读出来进行定向检测是可能的。随着超导腔技术的尖端进步，预计灵敏度将进一步提高。
We give a detailed treatment of electromagnetic signals generated by gravitational waves (GWs) in resonant cavity experiments. Our investigation corrects and builds upon previous studies by carefully accounting for the gauge dependence of relevant quantities. We work in a preferred frame for the laboratory, the proper detector frame, and show how to resum short-wavelength effects to provide analytic results that are exact for GWs of arbitrary wavelength. This formalism allows us to firmly establish that, contrary to previous claims, cavity experiments designed for the detection of axion dark matter only need to reanalyze existing data to search for high-frequency GWs with strains as small as $h\sim 10^{-22}-10^{-21}$. We also argue that directional detection is possible in principle using readout of multiple cavity modes. Further improvements in sensitivity are expected with cutting-edge advances in superconducting cavity technology.
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