Increased Incidence of Fractures in Middle-aged and Elderly Men with Low Intakes of Phosphorus and Zinc
Increased Incidence of Fractures in Middle-aged and Elderly Men with Low Intakes of Phosphorus and Zinc
复制标题
磷、锌摄入量低，中老年男性骨折发生率增加
作者：
S. Elmståhl;B. Gullberg;L. Janzon;O. Johnell;B. Elmståhl
摘要：这项研究的目的是确定46-68岁男性骨折的饮食危险因素。6,576名男性通过市政登记处被随机邀请参加一项饮食和健康研究。对饮食的评估使用了一本为期7天的菜单手册，其中包括热餐、饮料和膳食补充剂，以及其他食物的定量食物频率问卷。平均随访2.4年，骨折发生率为103/10000人年。锌和磷的摄入量与骨折风险相关，并表现出门槛效应。锌摄入量最低的十分位数，每天10毫克，与锌摄入量的第四和第五个五分位数(RR=0.47；95%可信区间，27-82)相比，骨折风险几乎翻了一番，对能量、既往骨折、生活方式因素和并发症进行了调整。能量调整后的磷酸盐摄入量最低的五分之一，平均水平1357毫克，与第二五分之一的受试者相比，与骨折风险增加相关。吸烟、婚姻状况和体力活动与骨折风险独立相关。钙、视黄醇和维生素D与骨折风险无关。我们得出结论，锌和磷酸盐摄入不足是骨折的重要危险因素。
Abstract: The aim of the study was to determine dietary risk factors for fracture in men aged 46–68 years. Six thousand five hundred and seventy-six men were randomly invited using the Municipal Registry to a diet and health study. The diet was assessed using a combined 7-day menu book for hot meals, beverages and dietary supplements and a quantitative food frequency questionnaire for other foods. The fracture incidence was 103/10000 person-years during a mean follow-up of 2.4 years. Zinc and phosphorus intake were associated with fracture risk and showed a threshold effect. The zinc intake in the lowest decentile, 10 mg daily, was associated with almost a doubled risk of fracture compared with the fourth and fifth quintiles (RR = 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 27–82) of zinc intake adjusted for energy, previous fractures, lifestyle factors and co-morbidity. Energy-adjusted phosporus intake in the lowest quintile, mean level 1357 mg, was associated with an increased fracture risk compared with subjects in the second quintile. Smoking, martial status and physical activity were independently associated with fracture risk. Calcium, retinol and vitamin D showed no associations with fracture risk. We conclude that inadequate intakes of zinc and phosporus are important risk factors for fracture.