Does drug abuse influence the microglial response in AIDS and HIV encephalitis?
Does drug abuse influence the microglial response in AIDS and HIV encephalitis?
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DOI：
10.1097/00002030-200401001-00010
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Bell, JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arango, JC;Simmonds, P;Bell, JE
目的：从早期和晚期HIV/AIDS的小胶质细胞反应的角度，研究滥用药物与HIV感染之间可能相互作用的病理学证据，并探讨小胶质细胞激活在慢性HIV感染中可能的长期后果。设计：这项脑病理学研究比较了年龄和性别匹配的对照患者与HIV阴性静脉注射吸毒者、HIV阳性吸毒者症状前阶段和AIDS患者。另一组未使用药物的艾滋病患者也被包括在内。所有艾滋病患者均有HIV脑炎(HIVE)，但无其他明显的HIV相关脑病理改变。方法：利用CD68和MHCII抗体，在额叶、颞叶和丘脑的灰质和白质中鉴定小胶质/巨噬细胞。结果：与非艾滋病患者相比，艾滋病患者脑灰质和白质中活化的小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞明显增多。携带蜂巢的吸毒者比未吸毒者的小胶质细胞活化倾向更多，但这种差异并不是在所有研究的脑区都发现的。结论：滥用药物似乎增强了部分个体因HIV感染而引起的小胶质细胞激活。其他因素，如蜂房的严重程度，或全身免疫因素，也可能影响小胶质细胞的激活程度。讨论了对长期感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的吸毒患者的影响，特别是与早产儿神经退化有关的问题。(C)2004年，里平科特·威廉姆斯·威尔金斯。
Objectives: To investigate the pathological evidence for a possible interaction between drugs of abuse and HIV infection in terms of microglial responses in early and late HIV/AIDS, and to discuss the possible long-term consequences of microglial activation in chronic HIV infection.Design: This brain pathology study compared age and sex-matched control patients with HIV-negative intravenous drug users, and with HIV-positive drug users both in the presymptomatic stage and with AIDS. A further group of non-drug-using AIDS patients was included. All the AIDS patients had HIV encephalitis (HIVE) but no other significant HIV-associated brain pathology.Methods: Microglia/macrophages were identified in the grey and white matter of the frontal and temporal lobes and the thalamus, using antibodies to CD68 and MHCII. Objective quantitation was used to compare subjects in the different groups.Results: AIDS patients showed a significant increase in activated microglia/macrophages in both the grey and white matter of all areas compared with non-AIDS patients. Drug users with HIVE tended to have more activated microglia than nondrug-using comparison groups, but this difference was not found in all brain areas studied.Conclusion: Drug misuse appears to enhance the microglial activation resulting from HIV infection in some individuals. Other factors such as the severity of HIVE, or systemic immune factors, are also likely to affect the degree of microglial activation. The implications for drug-using patients who survive long term with HIV/AIDS are discussed, particularly in relation to premature neurodegeneration. (C) 2004 Lippincott Williams Wilkins.