Short-term health effects of particulate and photochemical air pollution in asthmatic children
Short-term health effects of particulate and photochemical air pollution in asthmatic children
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DOI：
10.1183/09031936.02.00236902
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发表时间：
2002-10-01
影响因子：
24.3
通讯作者：
Neukirch, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Just, J;Ségala, C;Neukirch, F
在法国巴黎进行的一项小组研究中，证明了冬季空气污染水平较高对哮喘儿童的症状和肺功能的有害影响。在巴黎进行了一项新的研究，目的是评估春季和初夏期间光氧化剂和颗粒空气污染对儿童哮喘的短期影响，对82名经医学诊断的哮喘儿童进行了为期3个月的随访。结果包括哮喘发作的发生率和患病率、夜间咳嗽、β 2受体激动剂的补充使用、气道刺激症状和呼气峰流速（PEF）值及其变异性。统计方法控制了日常健康结果、时间趋势、花粉和天气条件之间缺乏独立性的情况，黑烟和二氧化氮（NO2）与夜间咳嗽和呼吸道感染的发生率增加有关。臭氧（O-3）与哮喘发作和呼吸道感染的发生率增加以及肺功能变化相关，如PEF变异性增加和PEF降低所示。统计学显着的相互作用之间的O-3和温度和O-3和花粉计数哮喘发作。O-3水平对额外使用支气管扩张剂以及在未使用类固醇的日子里对眼、鼻和喉的刺激有更大的影响。这项研究显示，虽然在国际空气质量标准范围内，但春季和初夏的光氧化剂和颗粒物污染水平对轻度至中度哮喘儿童有可测量的短期影响。
In a previous panel study in Paris, France, detrimental effects of moderately high levels of winter air pollution on the symptoms and lung function of asthmatic children were demonstrated. A new study was conducted, with the aim of assessing the short-term effects of photo-oxidant and particulate air pollution on childhood asthma during spring and early summer in Paris.Eighty-two medically diagnosed asthmatic children were followed up for 3 months. Outcomes included the incidence and prevalence of asthma attacks, nocturnal cough, supplementary use of beta(2)-agonists, symptoms of airway irritation, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) value and its variability. The statistical methods controlled for the lack of independence between daily health outcomes, temporal trends and pollen and weather conditions.Black smoke and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were associated with increases in the occurrence of nocturnal cough and respiratory infections. Ozone (O-3) was associated with an increase in the occurrence of asthma attacks and respiratory infections and with changes in lung function, as shown by an increase in PEF variability and a decrease in PEF. Statistically significant interactions were demonstrated between O-3 and temperature and between O-3 and pollen count for asthma attacks. O-3 levels had a greater effect on additional bronchodilator use and on irritations of the eyes, nose and throat on days on which no steroids were used. Particulate matter was associated with eye irritation only.This study showed that, although within international air quality standards, the prevailing levels of photo-oxidant and particulate pollution in spring and early summer had measurable short-term effects on children with mild-to-moderate asthma.