Mussels with Meat: Bivalve Tissue-Shell Radiocarbon Age Differences and Archaeological Implications
Mussels with Meat: Bivalve Tissue-Shell Radiocarbon Age Differences and Archaeological Implications
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贻贝加肉：双壳类组织壳放射性碳年龄差异和考古意义
DOI：
10.1017/s0033822200047597
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Rakowski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fernandes;Bergemann;Grootes;Nadeau;M. - J;Melzner;Rakowski
当地水库年龄往往估计从水生物质和相关的陆地样品，预计没有水库效应的放射性碳年龄之间的差异。通常情况下，所选的水生材料由双壳类贝壳组成，这些贝壳通常在考古记录中保存完好。例如，大型贝冢证明了贻贝消费在沿海和内陆的重要性。然而，与组织和壳生长相关的不同生理机制可能导致存活组分（壳）和与消费者饮食储库效应相关的组分（组织）之间的储库效应差异。目前的研究探讨双壳类组织壳年龄的差异，无论是从淡水和海洋环境接近人类消费的软体动物已被证明的考古遗址。结果显示，在淡水环境中的双壳类组织和壳之间的14C年龄显着差异。在海洋环境中，没有显着的双壳类组织壳的年龄差异进行了观察。结果还表明，河流和湖泊贝壳显示出大而多变的淡水水库效应。这些结果对建立当地水库效应，特别是在淡水环境中具有重要意义。因此，对于有机和无机水中预期的14C差异的良好先验知识，碳是必要的。此外，淡水贝壳14C年龄的高度可变性意味着需要从考古记录中进行代表性取样。
Local reservoir ages are often estimated from the difference between the radiocarbon ages of aquatic material and associated terrestrial samples for which no reservoir effect is expected. Frequently, the selected aquatic material consists of bivalve shells that are typically well preserved in the archaeological record. For instance, large shell middens attest to the importance of mussel consumption at both coastal and inland sites. However, different physiological mechanisms associated with tissue and shell growth may result in differences in reservoir effects between the surviving component (shell) and the component relevant to dietary reservoir effects in consumers (tissue). The current study examines bivalve tissue-shell age differences both from freshwater and marine contexts close to archaeological sites where human consumption of mollusks has been attested. Results exhibited significant 14C age differences between bivalve tissue and shell in a freshwater context. In a marine context, no significant bivalve tissue-shell age differences were observed. The results also showed that riverine and lacustrine shells show large and variable freshwater reservoir effects. The results have important implications for establishing local reservoir effects especially in a freshwater environment. For good a priori knowledge of expected 14C differences in organic and inorganic water, carbon is thus necessary. Furthermore, the high variability in freshwater shell 14C ages implies the need for representative sampling from the archaeological record.
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