REVIEW OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF HEALTH-EFFECTS OF PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION
REVIEW OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF HEALTH-EFFECTS OF PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION
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DOI：
10.3109/08958379509014267
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发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
SCHWARTZ, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
POPE, CA;DOCKERY, DW;SCHWARTZ, J
本文总结了空气颗粒污染对健康影响的流行病学证据。急性暴露于高水平的颗粒空气污染与心肺死亡率增加、呼吸系统疾病住院率增加、哮喘加重、呼吸系统症状发生率和持续时间增加、肺功能下降和活动受限有关。肺功能的小缺陷、慢性呼吸道疾病和症状的高风险以及死亡率的增加也与长期暴露于可吸入颗粒物空气污染有关。在美国许多城市常见的水平和低于现行美国国家环境空气质量标准的水平上观察到健康影响。虽然所涉及的生物机制知之甚少，但最近的流行病学证据支持这一假设，即可吸入颗粒物空气污染是呼吸系统疾病和心肺死亡的重要风险因素。
This article summarizes epidemiological evidence of health effects of particulate air pollution. Acute exposure to elevated levels of particulate air pollution has been associated with increased cardiopulmonary mortality, increased hospitalization for respiratory disease, exacerbation of asthma, increased incidence and duration of respiratory symptoms, declines in lung function, and restricted activity. Small deficits in lung function, higher risk of chronic respiratory disease and symptoms, and increased mortality have also been associated with chronic exposure to respirable particulate air pollution. Health effects have been observed al levels common to many U.S. cites and at levels below current U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Although the biological mechanisms involved are poorly understood, recent epidemiological evidence supports the hypothesis that respirable particulate air pollution is an important risk factor for respiratory disease and cardiopulmonary mortality.