Medical Marijuana Laws, Traffic Fatalities, and Alcohol Consumption
Medical Marijuana Laws, Traffic Fatalities, and Alcohol Consumption
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DOI：
10.1086/668812
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Rees, Daniel I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson, D. Mark;Hansen, Benjamin;Rees, Daniel I.
迄今为止，已有19个州通过了医用大麻法，但对其影响知之甚少。目前的研究调查了医用大麻合法化与交通死亡之间的关系，交通死亡是5-34岁美国人死亡的主要原因。在生效后的第一个整年，合法化与交通死亡率下降8- 11%有关。合法化对涉及酒精的交通死亡的影响比其对不涉及酒精的交通死亡的影响更大，估计更精确。合法化还与大麻和酒精消费价格的急剧下降有关，这表明大麻和酒精是替代品。由于不能排除其他机制，合法化与酒精相关交通死亡之间的负面关系并不一定意味着在大麻影响下驾驶比在酒精影响下驾驶更安全。
To date, 19 states have passed medical marijuana laws, yet very little is known about their effects. The current study examines the relationship between the legalization of medical marijuana and traffic fatalities, the leading cause of death among Americans ages 5-34. The first full year after coming into effect, legalization is associated with an 8-11 percent decrease in traffic fatalities. The impact of legalization on traffic fatalities involving alcohol is larger and estimated with more precision than its impact on traffic fatalities that do not involve alcohol. Legalization is also associated with sharp decreases in the price of marijuana and alcohol consumption, which suggests that marijuana and alcohol are substitutes. Because alternative mechanisms cannot be ruled out, the negative relationship between legalization and alcohol-related traffic fatalities does not necessarily imply that driving under the influence of marijuana is safer than driving under the influence of alcohol.