Somatic cell nuclear transfer and derivation of embryonic stem cells in the mouse
Somatic cell nuclear transfer and derivation of embryonic stem cells in the mouse
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ymeth.2008.04.002
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Jaenisch, Rudolf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Markoulaki, Styliani;Meissner, Alexander;Jaenisch, Rudolf
几十年来，解决体细胞核等价性的基本问题一直吸引着科学家，并导致了体细胞核移植(SCNT)或动物克隆的发展。SCNT涉及将体细胞的细胞核转移到卵子的细胞质中，而卵子本身的染色体已经被移除。在小鼠中，SCNT不仅被成功地用于解决核等效性问题，而且还被用作模型系统来测试从NT囊胚获得的胚胎干细胞(ESCs)具有通过遗传操作纠正S退行性疾病的潜力的假设。本文旨在对小鼠的SCNT进行全面的描述，并从该技术所产生的囊胚中获得ESCs。SCNT是一个非常具有挑战性和低效的过程，因为它技术复杂，它绕过了配子相互作用和卵子激活的正常事件，而且它依赖于体内体细胞核的充分重新编程。在任何或所有这些方面的改进可能会提高SCNT的效率和适用性。另一方面，从SCNT囊胚获得ESC只需要少数成功的重编程细胞存活，这些细胞具有在体外无限增殖的能力，保持正确的遗传和表观遗传状态，并在体内分化为任何类型的细胞-这些特征对于移植治疗或任何其他体内应用都是必不可少的。(C)2008 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Addressing the fundamental questions of nuclear equivalence in somatic cells has fascinated scientists for decades and has resulted in the development of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) or animal cloning. SCNT involves the transfer of the nucleus of a somatic cell into the cytoplasm of an egg whose own chromosomes have been removed. In the mouse, SCNT has not only been successfully used to address the issue of nuclear equivalence, but has been used as a model system to test the hypothesis that embryonic stem cells (ESCs) derived from NT blastocysts have the potential to correct-through genetic manipulation s-degenerative diseases. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive description of SCNT in the mouse and the derivation of ESCs from blastocysts generated by this technique. SCNT is a very challenging and inefficient procedure because it is technically complex, it bypasses the normal events of gamete interactions and egg activation, and it depends on adequate reprogramming of the somatic cell nucleus in vivo. Improvements in any or all those aspects may enhance the efficiency and applicability of SCNT. ESC derivation from SCNT blastocysts, on the other hand, requires the survival of only a few successfully reprogrammed cells, which have the capacity to proliferate indefinitely in vitro, maintain correct genetic and epigenetic status, and differentiate into any cell type in the body-characteristces that are essential for transplantation therapy or any other in vivo application. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.