Achievement orientations from subjective histories of success: promotion pride versus prevention pride
Achievement orientations from subjective histories of success: promotion pride versus prevention pride
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DOI：
10.1002/ejsp.27
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Taylor, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Higgins, ET;Friedman, RS;Taylor, A
一个新的任务目标激发了具有主观成功历史的个体的自豪感，这种成就自豪感产生了预期的目标反应，激励和指导行为接近任务目标。通过区分促进自豪感和预防自豪感，本文扩展了这一经典的成就动机模型。监管重点理论（希金斯，1997年）区分了促进重点的希望和成就（收益）和预防重点的安全和责任（非损失）。我们建议，一个主观的历史与促进相关的渴望（促进自豪感）的成功导向个人对使用渴望手段接近一个新的任务目标，而一个主观的历史与预防相关的警惕（预防自豪感）的成功导向个人对使用警惕手段接近一个新的任务目标。研究1-3检验了这一建议，通过检查一个新的措施，参与者的主观历史的促进成功和预防成功（监管焦点问卷（REQ））和他们的成就策略在不同的任务之间的关系。研究4考察了参与者的RFP响应与他们在过去的任务约定中感到渴望或警惕的频率之间的关系。研究5使用了一种实验性的启动技术，让参与者暂时体验到一种主观的促进成功的历史或一种主观的预防成功的历史。对于慢性和情境诱导的成就自豪感，这些研究发现，当接近任务目标的个人与促进自豪感使用渴望的手段，而个人与预防自豪感使用警惕的手段。版权所有（C）2001 John Wiley di Sons有限公司
A new task goal elicits a feeling of pride in individuals with a subjective history of success, and this achievement pride produces anticipatory goal reactions that energize and direct behavior to approach the task goal. By distinguishing between promotion pride and prevention pride, the present paper extends this classic model of achievement motivation. Regulatory focus theory (Higgins, 1997) distinguishes between a promotion focus on hopes and accomplishments (gains) and a prevention focus on safety and responsibilities (non-losses). We propose that a subjective history of success with promotion-related eagerness (promotion pride) orients individuals toward using eagerness means to approach a new task goal, whereas a subjective history of success with prevention-related vigilance (prevention pride) orients individuals toward using vigilance means to approach a new task goal. Studies 1-3 tested this proposal by examining the relations between a new measure of participants' subjective histories of promotion success and prevention success (the Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ)) and their achievement strategies in different tasks. Study 4 examined the relation between participants' RFP responses and their reported frequency of feeling eager or vigilant in past task engagements. Study 5 used an experimental priming technique to make participants temporarily experience either a subjective history of promotion success or a subjective history of prevention success. For both chronic and situationally induced achievement pride, these studies found that when approaching task goals individuals with promotion pride use eagerness means whereas individuals with prevention pride use vigilance means. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley di Sons, Ltd.