Relationships between dipstick proteinuria and risk of hearing impairment among Japanese workers: a prospective cohort study
Relationships between dipstick proteinuria and risk of hearing impairment among Japanese workers: a prospective cohort study
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028767
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Kobashi，Gen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Umesawa，Mitsumasa;Hara，Mikako;Kobashi，Gen
听力障碍是最重要的健康问题之一，全世界成年听力障碍患者的数量正在增加。因此，预防听力障碍很重要。蛋白尿似乎是听力损伤的一个危险因素，但没有前瞻性研究探讨蛋白尿和听力损伤风险之间的关系。本前瞻性研究旨在阐明试纸蛋白尿与听力损害风险之间的关系。设计这是一项基于年度健康体检数据的前瞻性队列研究，2008- 2016年。设置数据收集了一家公司的7005名员工，他们在日本各地的办公室和工厂工作。（88.6%的男性）在2008年至2016年期间接受了两次或两次以上的年度健康检查，没有缺失数据，并且在基线时没有听力障碍。以首次体检为基线检查，主要和次要结果测量在健康体检期间使用两个频率（1和4 kHz）的听力测试进行听力测试。定义总中度听力障碍为无法响应30分贝在1 kHz和/或40分贝在4 kHz，我们研究了试纸蛋白尿在基线和听力障碍的风险之间的关联在最终examination.ResultsTotal中度听力障碍注意到162（2.8%）的主题。与基线时无蛋白尿的受试者相比，多变量校正OR（95%CI）为5.35（1.87-15.25）对于蛋白尿≥2+的受试者，0.92（0.40-2.13）对于蛋白尿+/−的患者，而基线时蛋白尿+者的听力损失率为1.33（0.63-2.80）。我们的研究结果表明，包括尿检在内的医学检查对检测听力障碍高危人群是有效的。
ObjectivesHearing impairment is among the most significant health problems, and the number of adults with hearing impairment is increasing worldwide. Therefore, the prevention of hearing impairment is important. Proteinuria appears to be a risk factor for hearing impairment, but no prospective studies have examined the association between proteinuria and hearing impairment risk. This prospective study aimed to clarify the association between dipstick proteinuria and risk of hearing impairment.DesignThis was a prospective cohort study based on annual health check-up data, 2008–2016.SettingData were collected on 7005 employees of a single company who worked in offices and factories throughout Japan.ParticipantsWe analysed data from 5699 subjects (88.6% men) who underwent annual health check-ups twice or more from 2008 to 2016, had no missing data, and were free from hearing impairment at baseline. We regarded the first health check-up as the baseline examination.Primary and secondary outcome measuresHearing tests were performed using audiometry at two frequencies (1 and 4 kHz) during the health check-ups. Defining total moderate hearing impairment as the inability to respond to 30 dB at 1 kHz and/or 40 dB at 4 kHz, we examined the association between dipstick proteinuria at baseline and risk of hearing impairment at final examination.ResultsTotal moderate hearing impairment was noted in 162 (2.8%) subjects. Compared with subjects without proteinuria at baseline, the multivariable adjusted OR (95% CI) was 5.35 (1.87–15.25) for subjects with proteinuria ≥2+, 0.92 (0.40–2.13) for those with proteinuria +/−, and 1.33 (0.63–2.80) for those with proteinuria+ at baseline.ConclusionsSevere dipstick proteinuria was positively associated with risk of hearing impairment in the future. Our results suggest that medical examinations including urine testing are effective for detecting subjects with high risk of hearing impairment.